全球价值链背景下的新型国际贸易统计体系及其对中国的启示  

New Trade Statistics Systems under the Background of Global Value Chains and Implications for China

作　　者：王岚[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学经济学院,天津300222

出　　处：《国际经贸探索》2013年第11期53-64,共12页International Economics and Trade Research

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(12CJY081);国家社科基金青年项目(11CJY072);教育部人文社科一般项目(12YJA790033);2012年度"天津财经大学优秀青年学者资助计划"项目

摘　　要：跨国公司主导的全球价值链分工体系,使国际分工的层次从产品细化到产品的生产环节。全球价值链分工体系下,以属地原则为统计标准,以商品总值为统计口径的传统贸易统计已经无法反映国际贸易以及贸易利益分配的真实情况。以"所有权"贸易统计体系和"附加值"贸易统计体系为代表的新型贸易统计方法应运而生,两种方法从统计对象和统计口径角度对传统贸易体系进行了调整。中国作为利用外资大国和加工出口大国,传统贸易统计严重高估了中国贸易差额,导致贸易差额和贸易利益的严重分化。运用两种新型贸易统计调整中国贸易统计数据,将还原中国真实贸易利益,修正贸易差额与贸易利益的背离,优化贸易环境,有利于中国对外贸易的健康发展。The global value chain （GVC） division system driven by MNCs makes the level of international labor division transfer from product to production phase. Under the new system of international labor division, the current trade statistics system which is based on territorial principle and in terms of gross value can no longer be able to reflect the real pattern of international trade and gains from trade. The new trade statistics systems represented by ownership-based trade accounting and value-added trade have come into existence. The two systems adjust the traditional systems in terms of statistical object and content. As a developing country attracting most FDI inflows and doing a lot processing trade, China＇s trade surplus has been largely over-valued by traditional trade statistics systems. Using new trade statistics systems to re-evaluate China＇s trade balance can reflect its real position in GVC, correct the mismatch between trade balance and trade gains, and improve the trade environment, all of which is good for the healthy development of China＇ s foreign trade.

关 键 词：全球价值链 所有权原则 附加值贸易 贸易差额 贸易利益 

分 类 号：F740.6[经济管理—国际贸易]