高分子熔体和浓溶液流变性能的研究  

Study on the Rheological Behavior for Polymer Melts and Concentrated Solutions The Molecular Theory of Visco-elasticity for Recoverable Strain and Swelling Ratio of Homo-polymers Melts Extrudate

作　　者：宋名实[1] 杨志洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学高分子材料研究所高分子物理力学研究室,北京100029

出　　处：《Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics》2000年第6期699-720,共22页化学物理学报（英文）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!(5947303)

摘　　要：基于多重缠结网络结构模型和高分子链上缠结点在流动中可进行动态解缠和再缠结的多重蠕动机理，用统计力学和动力学相结合的方法，分别计算出了缠结链组的末端距分布函数；处于缠结状态下高分子链构象统计分布函数；受力下聚合物熔体粘弹性形变自由能和解除外力下高分子挤出体可回复性粘弹性形变自由能，提出了高分子挤出体可回复形变的粘弹性分子理论。推导出的高分子熔体的回忆函数、简单剪切流下的本构方程和物料函数，并采用一种新的方法测定出物料的四种参数： η0、 GN0、 n′和 a。对于高分子挤出体，可回复性粘弹性形变由快速弹性形变和慢速粘弹性形变两者组成，当把两种形变量的复合结构参数－分子链的反式构象分数引入两种形变自由能表达式后，就从理论上得到了可回复形变量同挤出胀大比间的定量表达式，从而建立起一个具有分子链结构参数的新的挤出胀大比方程,可回复形变量同挤出条件（温度、挤出速率和量以及口模长径比不同的挤出机）和树脂结构特征（分子量及分布）的关系式以及在特殊情形下的简化表达式，并用几种高分子熔融体系的挤出胀大比和可回复性形变量的实验数据对理论进行验证，理论方程同实验数据较好的符合。Based on the structural model of multiple entangled transient networks and the mechanism of multiple reptation by dynamic reorganization of entanglements, the probability distribution function of the end-to-end vector for entangled constituent chain, the conformation probability distribution function of entangled polymer chain, the visco-elastic free energy of deformation of polymeric melts under stress, and the recoverable visco-elastic free energy of deformation of extrudates without stress were calculated by the combined method of statistical mechanics and kinetics. A new molecular theory of visco-elasticity of recoverable strain for extrudates of polymers was proposed. The memory function and elastic modulus were derived from the molecular theory of visco-elasticity of recoverable strain for extrudates of polymers. When the memory function is introduced into the O-W-F type of constitutive equation with the Cauchy-Green and Finger tensors for simple strain shear fluid, then the dependence of viscosity and first normal-stress difference coefficient on shear rate was formulated. A new method for determining the visco-elastic parameters (η0, GN and Ψ10) and the topologically constrained dimension numbers (n′ and a) was used to study on the relations of recoverable strains to the conditions of extrusion. It is well known that the total strain consists of elastic and visco-elastic strains, when the unified structure parameter of the fraction of trans-isomer conformation of polymer chains under elastic and viscoelastic strain state is introduced into above expressions of free energy of deformation. A new relationship between the recoverable strain and the swelling ratio for extrudates is obtained and a new equation of swelling ratio for extrudates was derived. At the same time, based on the material function a set of new relationships between the recoverable strain (SR) with the condition of extrusion \ and the primary structure of resins was developed. These equations were verified by a great amount of experime

关 键 词：粘弹性分子理论 挤出胀大 高分子熔体 流变性能 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]