2005-2011年传染病医院职业暴露情况调查及分析  

Investigation and analysis on medical staff occupational exposure in 2005-2011

作　　者：陈利军[1] 宋丽红[1] 陈宝敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院,北京100015

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2013年第10期730-732,共3页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的通过对地坛医院近7年发生职业暴露的医务人员情况的追踪调查,探讨目前的职业防护措施是否安全有效,以便为临床医务人员提供全方位更好的防护。方法采用前瞻性监测方法,对该院2005年4月—2011年12月,医务人员职业暴露的特征及预后进行统计分析。结果近7年里,全院医务人员职业暴露共272人次,以30岁以下的护士为主,占70.59%;针刺伤占76.1%(207/272);受伤部位主要为手指(220例,80.9%),其次为眼睛(39例,14.3%);HIV的职业暴露呈现逐年上升趋势。对于乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)职业暴露者抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(抗-HBs)阳性的个体,暴露后不做任何防护是安全可行的。结论目前的职业暴露防护措施安全有效,在现有基础上还可进一步完善。Objective Whether the current occupational protection measures are safe and effective is conducted based on a nearly 7-year investigation on occupational exposure of medical staff and to provide better protection for clinical medical staff. Method The characteristics and prognosis of medical staff that suffered from occupational ex- posure in this hospital between April 2005 to December 2011 were statistically analyzed by prospective monitoring. Results There are a total of 272 medical staff that suffered from occupational exposure over nearly 7 years. The main group of occupational exposures are nurses under the age of 30, which accounted for 70.59% ;needle stab 76. 1%（207/272）. Their injured parts were mainly fingers （220,80. 9%）, followed by fluid splashing into the eyes （39,14.3 %）. In recent years, the HIV occupational exposure is increasing. In addition, anti-HBs antibody-positive individuals are safe and feasible without any protection after exposure to HBV source of infection. Conclusion Cur- rent occupational exposure protection measures are safe and effective, and can be further improved though the exist- ing basis.

关 键 词：职业暴露 暴露方式 暴露源 防护措施 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学] R512.91[医药卫生—基础医学]