两汉中印关系考——兼论丝路南道的开通  

The Relations between China and India in Han dynasty with additional studies on the opening of the southern Silk Road

作　　者：杨巨平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史系

出　　处：《西域研究》2013年第4期1-12,137,共12页The Western Regions Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"丝路古国文明研究"(项目批准号:11JJD770024)成果

摘　　要：印度(身毒)之名首次为中国人所知是在汉武帝时期张骞出使西域之后。随着丝绸之路南道的开通,印度的一些王国与西汉王朝逐渐开始了直接的接触和交往,印度西北部的罽宾甚至成了中国的藩属。东汉初年,月氏—贵霜帝国建立,印度与中国的关系得到进一步的扩大和加强,丝路南道与海上丝路的联通和佛教的传入就是最好的说明。这些关系的发展轨迹不仅在《史记》、《汉书》、《后汉书》等关于西域的记载中有所反映,而且在西方古典作家的笔下和印度的考古资料中也有体现。二者的互证使古代中印文明之间的关系变得更加清晰与明确。India was first known to Chinese by the name of Shendu in the reign of the Emperor Wu Ti of the Western Han Dynasty,when Zhang Qian's mission had opened up the Western Regions to China. With the opening of the southern route of the Silk Road,direct connections between kingdoms in India and China were established. Jibin,a kingdom in northwest India,had even become a vassal state of China. At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty,Yuezhi-Kushan empire was established and further developed the relation between India and China,which can be illustrated by not only southern route of the Silk Road and the maritime Silk Road,but also the introduction of Buddhism into China. Its development courses can be got a glimpse of not only in Chinese historical recordings like Shi Ji( Historical Recordings),Han Annals,etc.,but also in western classical literatures and Indian archaeological materials. Mutual confirmation between Chinese historical recordings and foreign materials makes the relation between ancient Indian and Chinese civilizations clearer.

关 键 词：张骞 丝路南道 罽宾 贵霜 中印关系 《厄立特里亚航海记》 

分 类 号：D829.351[政治法律—政治学]