基于四粒子Ω态的量子对话方案及拦截-重发攻击安全性分析  

Scheme of Quantum Dialogue Based on Four-particle Omega State and Security of Intercept-resend Attack

作　　者：杨幼凤[1,2] 叶志清[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学物理与通信电子学院 [2]江西省光电子与通信重点实验室,南昌330022

出　　处：《光子学报》2013年第10期1256-1260,共5页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61368001);江西省自然科学基金(No.20114BAB202003);江西省教育厅科技项目(No.GJJ10401)资助

摘　　要：提出了一个利用四粒子Ω态实现量子对话的方案.首先,通信方Bob制备四粒子Ω态对其中的两个粒子作幺正变换,编码要传送的经典秘密信息,并把这两粒子发送给Alice.然后,Alice对接收的两粒子也作幺正变换,编码自己要传送的秘密信息,把粒子返还给Bob.最后,Bob对四粒子Ω终态作联合测量并公布结果.通信双方Alice、Bob根据公布的测量结果和自己编码时用的幺正算子,解码出对方传送的经典信息,达到双向通信的目的.结果表明:该通信方案只需要传输两个粒子,作两次幺正变换,通信双方都可以获得对方传送4比特经典信息,既实现了用量子信道同时双向传递经典信息,又实现了超密编码,提高了通信容量.通过在系统中随机插入诱骗光子,可以及时发现窃听者Eve的拦截-重发攻击,提高整个通信系统的安全性.A scheme of quantum dialogue was proposed based on four-particle omega state.First,Bob,a communication party,prepared a four-particle omega state,encoded classical secret information by performing an approprite unitary transformation on two particles of the omega state and sent them to Alice.Then,Alice also performed an approprite unitary transformation on the two particles to encode secret information and sent back to Bob.Finally,Bob made joint measurement to final omega state,and announced the results.Alice and Bob,two parties of communication,could decode classical information the opposite one transfers,according to the announced measurement results and itself unitary operator,making the bidirectional communication come true.The result shows that the communication scheme only transfers two particles and makes unitary operations twice,and two communication parties get the opposite four-bit classcical information.It realizes both two-way communication of classical information with quantum channel and dense encoding to improve the communication capacity.The Eve＇s intercept-resend attack can be found in time by inserting decoy photons in the system to raise the security of communication system.

关 键 词：四粒子Ω态 量子对话 经典秘密信息 安全性 

分 类 号：TN918[电子电信—通信与信息系统]