中国海域赤潮发生趋势的年际变化  

Review on the Annual Variation of Red Tides in China Sea

作　　者：张青田[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室,天津300457 [2]天津科技大学海洋科学与工程学院,天津300457

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2013年第5期98-102,共5页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重点项目"典型人工海岸污染控制与生态构建技术研究及示范"(2010BAC68B04);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划重点项目"天津市沿海赤潮及污染浮游指标物种研究"(12JCZDJC30100)

摘　　要：回顾了中国海域的赤潮发生频次等数据的年际变化,尤其是进入21世纪的赤潮发生趋势,以期为赤潮灾害分析和防治提供帮助。数据表明,赤潮问题已不容忽视。总体上,赤潮发生的频次和累计面积呈现增长趋势,尤其是21世纪前10年的赤潮发生频次和规模是20世纪后50年的2倍多。与20世纪不同,东海的赤潮问题最严重,远远超过了南海;而渤海的赤潮规模也明显增加,此2海区成为赤潮的重灾区。赤潮多发生在5、6月份,但有延长的态势,对赤潮监测和预防提出了新的要求。赤潮生物,特别是有毒藻类不断增加,对渔业和人类健康造成威胁。同时也看到,赤潮的发生并非持续上涨,赤潮是可以防治的。The annual variation of red tide （i.e.harmful algal bloom,HAB） in China coast was reviewed,and the occurrence trend of red tide in the 21st century became the main part.We hope this review would help the people to analyze and control the HAB in China.The data showed that the HAB in China was becoming a serious environmental problem,and it generally increased in its frequency and scale,and in number of HAB species.The frequency and scale of HAB in the first decade of the 21st century were almost two times of that in the second five decades last century.Among the four China seas,East Sea became the most serious zone beyond South Sea,which was different from the last century.And the scale of HAB increased obviously in Bohai Sea,too.Most HAB often occurred in May and June,and its occurrence months had an increasing trend.This trend demanded longer monitoring and increasing monitoring frequency.On the other hand,the decrease in frequency and scale of HAB in some years also gave us the confidence to control the HAB.

关 键 词：赤潮 有害藻华 年际变化 中国海域 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X834