ALA提高苹果叶片光合性能与果实品质的效应  

Effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on leaf photosynthesis and fruit quality of apples

作　　者：高晶晶[1] 冯新新[1] 段春慧[1] 李健花[1] 师忠轩 高付永 汪良驹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]徐州市果树研究所,江苏丰县221700

出　　处：《果树学报》2013年第6期944-951,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：江苏省农业自主创新基金[CX(10)111]

摘　　要：【目的】为了探讨5一氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA）在苹果生产上应用的可能性，【方法】以‘红星’和‘富士’苹果为材料，研究了生长季节喷施低质量浓度（0．05～5mg·L-1）外源AIJA对苹果叶片叶绿素相对含量（SPAD）、气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光快速诱导曲线（OJIP）、820nm光吸收曲线以及果实品质的影响。【结果】O．05—5mg·L-1，AIA均能不同程度地提高苹果叶片SPAD，增加叶片净光合速率（Pn）、瞬时羧化效率（州G）。M—PEA测定结果表明，AIA处理叶片单位面积吸收（ABS／CS）、捕获（TRdCs）和传递（ET0CJs）的能量以及光合性能指数（用。和％）均有不同程度升高，PSI反应中心的氧化和再还原速率上升．同时以热形式耗散的能量（DlJCS和DL／RC）下降，表明低浓度ALA可以显著促进苹果叶片光合电子传递和能量转换。另外，果实成熟时，ALA处理果实的硬度、花青素、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和维生素c含量显著高于对照，而可滴定酸含量则低于对照。【结论】生长季节喷施低浓度ALA可以提高苹果叶片光合性能，改善果实内外品质。[Objective]The objective of the study was to explore the possibility of 5-aminolevulinic acid （ALA） application in apple production. [Method]The effects of ALA on photosynthesis of leaf and fruit quality were compared in Starking and Fuji apple （Malus dometica Borkh.）. [Result]The results showed that when ALA solutions at concentrations of 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg＂ L-1 were sprayed to the whole plant during growth season, the apple leaf SPAD, net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, instantaneous carboxylation effciency （Pn/Ci）, the energy conversion （ABS/CS, TRo/CS and ETo/CS） and the photosynthetic performance index （PIABS and PIcs） were improved, but the energy dissipation through heat （DIo/CS and DIo/RC） was depressed. ALA treatments also increased the content of anthocyanin, soluble solids, total sugar, soluble proteins and Vitamin C, but decreased the titratable acid content compared with the control when fruits matured. [Conclusion]These results imply that application of ALA at low concentrations during growth season can improve both external and internal quality of apple by increasing photosynthetic capacity.

关 键 词：苹果 5-氨基乙酰丙酸 净光合速率 叶绿素快速荧光 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]