梨园根际土壤线虫对土壤养分及叶片黄化的响应  

Response of nematodes to soil nutrient and leaf yellowing in pear trees

作　　者：刘艳斌[1] 刘奇志[1] 石旺鹏[1] 李红旭[2] 白鹏华[1] 赵明新[2] 刘志龙[1] 周海鹰[1] 王玮[2] 王玉玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《果树学报》2013年第6期998-1004,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家梨产业技术体系(CARS-29)

摘　　要：【目的】以甘肃景泰叶片黄化梨园土壤为例，从根际土壤线虫群落结构特性的角度分析其与土壤养分及与叶片黄化的关系，以期通过监测梨园土壤线虫结构，及早预知梨园土壤健康状况，采取阻止叶片黄化的措施。【方法】比较正常梨园与叶片黄化梨园根际浅层（0～20cm）和深层（20-40cm）土层的线虫群落结构特征，分析线虫总丰度、生物多样性及生态功能等群落指标。I结果】叶片黄化梨树根际浅、深层的土壤线虫总丰度显著低于正常梨树；叶片黄化梨园浅层土壤中有害的植物线虫指数较高，深层土壤中有益的食细菌线虫类群所占比例较少；线虫生态功能群落指标显示，叶片黄化20-40cm土层质量最差，且正常梨树根际土壤也处于亚健康状态；叶片黄化梨树根际土壤食细菌线虫数量与土壤养分存在正相关性，植物寄生线虫数量与土壤养分含量存在负相关性。【结论】梨树根际土壤中植物线虫指数高、食细菌线虫类群所占比例少是叶片黄化的预警指标。[Objective]The objective of the study is to predict the level of the soil health of pear orchard in early period, and then to find the measures to solve the problem of leaf yellowing by studying the relation ship between nematodes and soil nutrient and leaf yellowing in Jingtai county of Gansu province. [Method]The nematode community, nematode total abundance, index of biodiversity and ecological function in the soil of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm in depth in leaf yellowing and normal pear orchards were observed respectively. [Result]The results showed that total nematode abundance in the soil of leaf yel lowing orchard was significantly lower than that of the normal orchard ; the plant nematode parasite index in shallow layer was higher, and the percentage of baeterivorus nomatode of leaf yellowing orchard was comparatively less in deep layer; the results of nematode weighted faunal analysis profile indicated that the soil conditions of 20-40 cm depth in leaf yellowing orchard were poor; there was a positive correlation between the number of bacterivores and soil nutrition, however, there was a negative correlation between the number of plant parasitic nematode and soil nutrition. [Conclusion]So it is quite obvious that higher of plant parasite index and less population of bacterivores may signify the precaution index of leaf yellowing.

关 键 词：梨树 黄化 土壤养分 土壤线虫 相关系数 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]