甘蓝型油菜角果相关性状对抗裂角性遗传贡献率分析  

Genetic contribution of silique related traits to silique shatter resistance of Brassica napus L.

作　　者：崔嘉成[1,2] 梅德圣[1] 李云昌[1] 刘佳[1] 付丽[1] 彭鹏飞[1,2] 王军[1,2,3] 王会[1,2] 胡琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/国家油料作物改良中心/农业部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉430062 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]贵州省油料作物研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2013年第5期461-468,共8页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2010BAD01B02;2011BAD35B04);国家863计划(2012AA101107);国家油菜现代产业技术体系(CARS-13);湖北省研究与开发项目(2011-2015);湖北农业科技创新中心项目

摘　　要：为了明确油菜角果相关性状对抗裂角性的影响,以11个甘蓝型油菜品系及由其配制的30个不完全双列杂交组合为材料,利用估算条件方差和预测条件遗传效应值的统计方法对采集于湖北新洲和汉川两个试验基地的数据进行分析。结果表明,果皮重对抗裂角指数(Silique shatter resistance index,SRI)的表型方差贡献率和加性遗传方差贡献率均最高,分别达28.2%和56.8%;角果长次之,分别为17.5%和33.4%;各性状对SRI的显性遗传方差贡献率均较小;结角密度对SRI的显性×环境互作遗传方差的贡献率最高,为44.7%。对SRI加性效应贡献率最高的角果性状因亲本的不同而异,说明现有抗裂角性好的亲本角果抗裂性的遗传基础可能不同。可以利用抗裂角性加性效应大且遗传基础不同的亲本,通过杂交聚合对SRI遗传贡献率大的性状,进一步提高现有杂交油菜亲本的抗裂角性。To understand the genetic effects of silique related traits on silique shatter resistance of oilseed rape,an incomplete diallel cross with 11 parental lines and 30 F1 crosses were made for multivariable conditional analysis at Xinzhou and Hanchuan counties of Hubei Province.Results showed that the largest contribution rate of phenotypic （28.2％） and additive （56.8％） effect to silique shatter resistance index （SRI） variance was from silique wall weight,the second was from silique length,with contribution rates of 17.5％ and 33.4％ for phenotypic and additive effects to SRI variance respectively.The investigated silique related traits had low contribution rates of dominant effect to SRI variance.The contribution rate of dominant × environment interaction effect of silique number per centimeter to SRI variance was the highest （44.7％） among silique related traits.The silique trait with the highest contribution rate of additive effect to silique SRI variance varied depending on different parental lines,indicating that the parental lines,especially those with relatively high silique SRI,possess different genetic backgrounds.It suggested that the strategies for improving shatter resistance included utilizing wild backgrounds of parents with large additive effects,and hybrids from multiple crosses with high contribution traits to increase resistance.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 遗传贡献率 抗裂角指数 角果相关性状 遗传效应 环境互作 

分 类 号：S565.403[农业科学—作物学]