向日葵体细胞胚的QTL分析及标记辅助选择  

Analysis of somatic embryogenesis QTL and marker-assisted selection in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)

作　　者：黄先群[1] Fabre F Saraffi A 刘竹梓[3] Genzbitelle L 

机构地区：[1]贵州省生物技术研究所/贵州省农业生物技术重点实验室 [2]法国图鲁兹国立综合研究院生物技术和作物改良实验室,INP-ENSAT,Po1e de Biotechnologie Vegetale,24 Chemin Borde-Rouge/BP 107,Castenet Tolosan,France,31326 [3]贵州省亚热带作物研究所

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2013年第5期524-532,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目[黔科创能院所(2010)4006-07];贵州省农业攻关计划项目[黔科合NY字(2011)3021];贵州省农委动植物专项[黔农育专字(2011)029];黔农科院专项[(2009)002]

摘　　要：为了定位向日葵体细胞胚基因和筛选相关标记用于辅助育种,以31个重组自交系为材料,利用下胚轴表皮细胞诱导体细胞胚,获得了与体细胞胚发生率相关的,位于第5、10、13连锁群上的3个QTL位点,可分别解释表型变异的14.61％、10.04％和14.07％.同时,获得了与每块胚数相关的9个QTL位点,分别位于第2、8、10、11、12和19连锁群上,可解释表型变异的6.64％～16.96％,其中4个QTL位点位于第10连锁群上且位置相邻（在34.57 ～ 47.1OcM之间）,可解释表型变异的40.39％.为了验证所获结果,在31个重组自交系中,筛选出2个体细胞胚发生率高的株系和1个低的株系杂交,构建了2个F2分离群体.利用AFLP和SSR标记对F2群体进行扫描,在与体细胞胚发生率相关的第5、10、13条连锁群上分别增加了24、6和18个新标记,标间距从6.80 ～11.40cM缩短到5.10～5.60cM.通过对F2群体与亲本基因型进行QTL区域的对比分析,预选出7个体细胞胚发生率高和7个低的株系,利用F3家系诱导体细胞胚进行验证.结果表明,预选结果与实际获得的结果完全一致,控制向日葵每块胚数的基因主要位于第10连锁群上,控制体细胞胚发生率的基因主要位于第5、13连锁群上;4个AFLP标记（e32m50-1、e38 m49-2、e40m49-1、e32m62-10）是最靠近控制体细胞胚发生基因的标记,可以作为该性状的辅助选择标记.To locate the somatic embryogenesis genes and select their relevant markers for marker-assisted selection in sunflower,31 recombinants inbred lines Fs （RILs） derived from the cross between PAC-2 and RHA266 were investigated.Somatic embryogenesis was induced using the thin epidermal layers from seedling hypocotyls.3 QTLs associated with number of epidermal embryogenesis per 100 epidermis cultured （EE/EC％） were located at linkage group 5,10,13.They could explain the phenotypic variation of 14.61％,10.04％ and 14.07％ respectively.In addition,9 QTLs associated with number of embryos per epidermal embryogenesis （E/EE） were located at linkage group 2,8,10,11,12 and 19.They could explain the phenotypic variation of 6.64％ to 16.96％.Four QTLs of them were located at linkage group 10 and their distance were shortened from 34.57 cM to 47.10cM.They could explain the phenotypic variation of 40.39％.In order to verify the results obtained and to increase the density of markers in the mapping of the QTL regions for selecting their relevant markers,the parameter of EE/EC％ was determined by the following test.Two F2 populations were obtained by cross between 2 RILs with one high somatic embryogenesis and one low each.AFLP and SSR markers were used to scan these two F2 populations.24,6 and 18 new markers were got on linkage group 5,10,13 respectively,and 6,0 and 4 new markers correlated with the somatic embryogenesis were added to their QTL regions respectively.The intervals of these three linkage groups were shortened from 6.80-11.40cM to 5.10-5.60cM.The genotypes of the F2 lines were compared to their parents and grand-parents in QTL regions of EE/EC％.Seven lines with a high somatic embryogenesis capability and 7 lines with a low capability were preselected.The induced somatic embryogenesis of F3families verified the preselected results.Genes controlling E/EE were located mainly at linkage group 10.The genes controlling EE/EC％ were located mainly at linkage group 5 and 13.Four markers （e32m50-1,e38

关 键 词：向日葵 体细胞胚 QTL 标记辅助选择 

分 类 号：S565.503[农业科学—作物学]