精神病专科医院患者医院感染的危险因素分析  

Risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients of psychiatric hospital

作　　者：孙荣跃 丁瑛[2] 陈伟青 王晓青 张乐青 张红[4] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省仙居县人民医院精神心理科,浙江仙居县317300 [2]杭州市第七人民医院,浙江杭州310003 [3]浙江省仙居县精神病医院精神科,浙江仙居县317300 [4]杭州市第三人民医院精神科,浙江杭州315000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第22期5431-5432,5435,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：杭州市卫生局专项扶持计划基金项目(HW1-2010B109)

摘　　要：目的探讨精神病专科医院患者医院感染的危险因素,提出预防对策,降低感染率。方法选取2010年11月-2012年12月专科医院460例精神病患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,对其医院感染进行危险因素分析。结果高龄(>60岁)、有多种基本疾病(≥2种)、药物不良反应、住院时间长(>50d)、病程长(>10年)、侵入性操作是基层精神病专科医院患者医院感染的危险因素(P<0.05);且感染以上呼吸道感染为主(61.9%);其中年龄、药物不良反应>2种基础疾病、侵入性操作是基层精神病专科医院患者医院感染的高危险因素。结论精神病患者由于病程长、病情复杂,加上封闭式管理、自理能力低、精神药物的不良反应均会诱发医院感染发生,临床上要加强宣教,对症治疗,加强对患者的护理和指导工作。OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for nosocomia[ infections in patients of a psychiatric hospital and put forward prevention countermeasures so as to reduce the infection rate. METHODS The clinical data of 460 cases of patients with mental diseases who were treated in the psychiatric hospital from Nov 2010 to Dec 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, then the risk factors for the nosocomial infections were analyzed. RESULTS The advanced age （more than 60 years of age）, complication of multiple underlying diseases （more than two）, adverse reactions of drugs, long hospitalization duration （more than 50 days）, long illness course （more than ten years）, and invasive operation were the risk factors for the nosocomial infections in the patients of grass-roots psychiatric hospitals（P〈0.05）, the patients with upper respiratory tract infections accounted for 61.9%; the age, adverse reactions of drugs, complication of more than two underlying diseases, and invasive operation were the high risk factors for the nosocomial infections in the patients of grass-roots psychiatric hospitals. CONCLUSION The long illness course, complicated condition, closed management, poor self-care ability, and adverse reactions of drugs are the predisposing factors for the nosocomial infections in the mental illness patients, it is necessary for the hospital to enhance the propaganda and education, implement symptomatic treatment, and strengthen the nursing for the patients.

关 键 词：基层 精神病专科医院 医院感染 危险因素 对策 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]