低锌旱地土施锌肥对小麦产量和锌利用的影响  

Effects of Soil Zn Application on Grain Yield and Zn Utilization of Wheat in Zn-deficient Dryland Soils

作　　者：李孟华[1,2] 王朝辉[1,2] 李强[1,2] 戴健[1,2] 高雅洁[3,2] 靳静静[3,2] 曹寒冰[3,2] 王森[4,2] 

机构地区：[1]旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室 西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验 室西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100 [4]旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第11期2168-2174,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金;西北农林科技大学“创新团队建设计划”;高等学校学科创新引智计划(B12007);国际锌协会项目(ZincNutrientInitiativeMD-86)

摘　　要：土壤有效锌含量低是制约西北旱地冬小麦籽粒锌营养品质的关键问题。采用连续两年的田间定位试验，设0、10、25、50、100、150kg·hm。6个锌肥（ZnSO4·7H2O）水平，研究了施锌对小麦产量、籽粒锌含量和土壤有效锌含量的影响，分析了西北旱地冬小麦土施锌肥的可行性。结果表明，随锌肥用量增加，土壤有效锌含量显著提高，但小麦产量无明显变化，小麦籽粒锌含量两季最高值分别为19．8、32.1mg·kg^-1，比不施锌提高32％和44％，却依然低于40-60mg·kg^-1的推荐含量，总锌利用率不到1％。因此，在西北旱地，不建议通过土施锌肥来提高小麦籽粒锌含量。Soil Zn deficiency is one of the factors seriously limiting the Zn contents of winter wheat grain in dryland area of Northwestern China. In a two-year field experiment with six Zn application rates of 0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150 kg ZnSO4· 7H2O· hm-2, effects of Zn applied to soil on winter wheat grain yield, grain Zn concentrations and soil DTPA-Zn were investigated. Soil DTPA-Zn increased significantly with Zn application rates. Soil application of Zn did not show effects on wheat grain yields, but increased grain Zn concentration by 32% and 44% in the first and second season, respectively, with maximum grain Zn concentrations of 19.8 mg·kg^-1 and 32.1 mg·kg^-1, lower than the recommended Zn level of 40-60 mg·kg^-1. Total Zn utilization efficiency by wheat was less than 1%. These findings suggest that applying Zn directly to soil is not an option to improve Zn nutrition of wheat in the dryland area of northwestern China.

关 键 词：旱地 冬小麦 锌肥 产量 锌含量 锌利用效率 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]