光学显微及扫描电镜冷台观察陆地棉胚胎发育  

Observation of Upland Cotton Embryogenesis and Developmental Phases

作　　者：焦改丽[1] 孟钊红[2] 杨晓黎[1] 李静[1] 张换样[1] 解晓红[1] 史秀梅[1] 吴慎杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000 [2]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2013年第11期1180-1182,1196,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2013ZX08005-004-007);山西省科技攻关项目(20130311004-2)

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜与扫描电镜冷台观察技术对陆地棉胚胎发育过程的组织结构和形态特征进行了系统观察.结果显示,陆地棉授粉48 h后完成双受精过程,胚胎发育经历了被子植物胚胎发育的各个典型时期：1-细胞胚、2～4-细胞胚、8～ 16-细胞胚、球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷胚、子叶胚和成熟胚;在扫描电镜冷台下观察到球形胚与胚囊连接的细长胚柄及胚柄从胚囊壁上脱落的痕迹,表明在棉花合子胚发育过程中不仅有典型的四分体时期,且有明显的细长胚柄形成.观察结果为进一步开展棉花胚胎发育的分子调控研究提供了详实的形态解剖学资料.Structural organization and morphology in the embryo developmental phases of Jinmian 13 （Gossypium hirsutum L.）were observed systematically by light microscope and cryo-scanning electron microscope （Cryo-SEM）.Our results indicated that：（1）the process of double fertilization in upland cotton was completed around 48 h post-anthesis; （2） cotton embryo development consists of several typical morphological development phases,including 2-cell embryos,4-cell embryos,8-16-cell embryos,globular embryo,heart-shaped embryo,torpedo embryo,cotyledon embryo and mature embryo; （3） elongated suspensor which was connected with the blastophore was observed by Cryo-SEM,demonstrating that the development of cotton embryo has obvious suspensor formation.

关 键 词：陆地棉 胚胎发生 胚柄 冷台观察 形态特征 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]