超声引导下自动弹射肾活检术的护理配合  

Perioperative Nursing in Renal Biopsy with Automatic Ejection Under the Guidance of B-Type Ultrasound

作　　者：李素芬[1] 林素清[1] 梁美彩[1] 田敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市人民医院心内科,广东中山528400

出　　处：《临床医学工程》2013年第11期1437-1438,共2页Clinical Medicine & Engineering

摘　　要：目的探讨B超引导下肾脏穿刺活检术术前、术中及术后的护理要点及意义。方法随机选取2011年12月至2013年4月具有肾脏穿刺活检指征的患者114例,术前、术中及术后给予综合精心护理配合及术后并发症护理等,观察临床疗效和并发症发生情况。结果配合精心护理后,肾穿成功率达100%,所有患者穿刺后均有不同程度的腰酸、腰胀等。其中明显腰痛18例,占15.79%,休息后基本恢复;肾周血肿6例,占5.26%;3例发烧,体温高于38.6℃,患者经止血、消炎、退烧等对症处理后治愈;1例尿潴留给予留置导尿管;4例肉眼血尿,占3.51%,其中1例出血较多给予持续膀胱冲洗,余3例对症处理后症状消失,均无动静脉瘘。结论超声引导下自动弹射肾活检术创伤性的检查,配合充足的术前准备、周全的术中配合及精心的术后护理是肾穿成功的保证,能显著减少术后并发症。Objective To investigate the perioperative nursing methods and meaning in percutaneous renal biopsy with automatic ejection under the guidance of B-type ultrasound. Methods Careful nursing and postoperative complication nursing was given to 114 patients with renal biopsy at preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative period. The clinical curative effect and complications were observed. Results The success rate of renal biopsy was 100%. Patients had waist pain, abdominal distension in different levels after puncture. Rate of obvious waist pain was 15.79%, and patients recovered after rest. 6 cases （5.26%） had renal hematoma, and 3 patients＇ body temperature were higher than 38.6 ~Z. All of them recovered after hemostasis, diminishing inflammation, abating fever and other symptomatic treatment. One case of urinary retention was treated with urethral catheter; 4 cases （3.51%） had macroscopic haematuria, of which one case needed continuous bladder irrigation due to massive bleeding, and the other 3 cases＇ symptoms disappeared without arteriovenous fistula. Conclusions Renal biopsy with automatic ejection under the guidance of B-type ultrasound is a traumatic examination; meticulous and thoughtful perioperative nursing is an important guarantee for the success of puncture and reduction of complications.

关 键 词：B超 肾脏穿刺 护理配合 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]