中国主要天然落叶松林的多孔菌多样性  

Polypore diversity in main natural larch forests in China

作　　者：武斌[1] 魏玉莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,沈阳110164

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第11期3237-3242,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB416902)资助

摘　　要：落叶松是我国北方重要的针叶树种,天然落叶松倒木上生长有种类繁多的多孔菌,它们能够分解倒木中的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,促进森林生态系统的物质循环,同时维持生态系统中的碳平衡,在森林生态系统中发挥重要的生态功能.本文针对我国5种主要落叶松树种上的多孔菌种类,综合分析了该类群的物种组成和分布特征,并对不同树种上的多孔菌种群进行对比分析.结果表明:落叶松上共有多孔菌107种,分属11科43属,其中褐腐真菌种类49种,占到总数的45.4%,是中国已报道褐腐真菌种类的50%.91.7%的多孔菌生长在刚开始腐烂的倒木上.兴安落叶松上的多孔菌不论是种类还是数量均比其他4种落叶松多.兴安落叶松和长白落叶松以及新疆落叶松和西藏落叶松上的多孔菌种群相似度高,这与其林分的天然分布相一致.Larch is the important coniferous species in Northern China. Many polypore species are growing on the fallen trunks of natural larch forests, which can decompose the cellulose, semi cellu- lose, and lignin of the fallen trunks, and promote the matter cycling and maintain the carbon bal- ance in forest ecosystem, playing a key ecological function in forest ecosystem. Aiming at the polypore species on the 5 main larch forest species in China, this paper analyzed the species compo- sition and distribution characteristics of polypore, and compared the polypore species diversity on different kinds of larch in China. A total of 107 polypore species were recorded, belonging to 43 genera in 11 families, among which, brown fungi accounted for 45.4% of the total collected in this study, and occupied about 50% of the whole brown fungi reported in China. 91. 7% of the polypore grew on the decaying fallen trunk. Larix gmelini had more polypore species and individu- als, as compared with the other 4 larch species. There was a high similarity in the polypore commu- nity composition on L. gmelini and L. olgensisi and on L. sibirica and L. griffithiana, which was in accordance with the natural distribution of related forests.

关 键 词：天然落叶松林 木材腐朽真菌 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S718.8[农业科学—林学]