中华水韭根叶发育的解剖观察  

Anatomical Observation on the Development of Roots and Leaves of Isoetes sinensis

作　　者：李小溪[1] 檀龙颜[1] 扬成[1] 刘保东[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学,黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《植物研究》2013年第6期666-670,共5页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31170294);中国特产濒危蕨类水韭科植物生殖生物学研究

摘　　要：中华水韭(Isoetes sinensis Palmer)为国家一级保护野生植物,被评价为极度濒危级(CR),仅分布在长江中下游,对环境污染敏感。本文以其人工苗为材料,用石蜡切片法,连续观察了根和叶的发育特征:叶原基横切面呈端部渐圆的三角形,由表皮原、皮层原和中柱原三部分组成;维管束中央首先出现的一个原生管胞,与其近轴面两侧后出现的两个后生管胞共同组成倒"V"字型的外始式初生木质部;成熟叶分化出表皮与皮层,表皮细胞间有嵌合,皮层部分细胞裂解成彼此不相通的4个通气道。根横切面呈圆形,成熟区分化出表皮、皮层(外皮层、中皮层、内皮层)和维管束三部分,中皮层部分细胞裂解呈一个完整的筒状通气道并与外皮层无连接,由内皮层包围的维管束横切面呈三角形。讨论了根和叶的形态结构、功能及系统学意义。Isoetes sinensis Palmer is the first-class national protected wild plants, being evaluated as the most endangered level（CR）. It is only distributed in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. It is sensitive to environmental pollution. We continuously observed the development characteristics of root and leaf with the human engineering seedlings as material, using paraffin section method. Leaf primordium section is triangle with end gradually round. Leaf primordium is composed of dermatogen, periblem and plerome. A primary tracheid first appeared in vascular bundle central and two epigenetic tracheids nearly shaft surface on both sides of the primary tracheid consist inverted ＂V＂ word of the initial type primary xylem. The mature leaf bad differentiated out epidermis and cortex. The epidermis cells have gomphosis. The cortex parts of cells crack into four lacunas which are independently of each other. Root section assumes the circular. The root mature area has differentiated out epidermis, cortex （exodermis, mesothelium, endoderm） vascular bundle. The mesothelium parts of cells crack into a complete tubular lacuna and connectionless with exodermis. The vascular bundle surrounded by endoderm section is triangular in shape. The root and leaf form structure, function and systematics were discussed.

关 键 词：中华水韭 根 叶 解剖结构 

分 类 号：Q949.36[生物学—植物学]