半干旱区微集水系统土壤水分调控效果研究  

Regulation and Control Effects of Soil Moisture for Micro-catchment Water Harvesting System in Semiarid Area

作　　者：董彦丽[1] 张富[1] 杨彩红[1] 吴东平 李旭春 张佰林 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]定西市水土保持研究所,甘肃定西743000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第5期35-39,44,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：甘肃农业大学SRTP基金项目"径流调控工程土壤水分变化及综合效益研究"(20110518)

摘　　要：分析了定西市安定区以隔坡水平阶为主体的径流调控工程和梯田(对照)的土壤水分与植被生长状况及11a累积土壤水分水量平衡特征。结果表明,隔坡水平阶工程保存完好,产流区(25m2)年均产流0.3m3,产沙3.96kg,被蓄水区全部拦蓄,有效控制了水土流失,增加了水资源量,缓解了林草植被水分供应不足状况。2m土层含水量与植被生长成反比。梯田土壤含水率最高,但农作物受旱减产最大;隔坡水平阶产流区土壤含水率较低,紫花苜蓿减产较大,蓄水区土壤含水率最低,但侧柏林生长旺盛。隔坡水平阶(林草带状混交)年均蒸散量为428.6mm,较梯田高2.2mm。Soil moisture and vegetation growth, as well as the balance of accumulated soil moisture over elev en years, were analyzed for runoff regulation and control projects on level terrace with slope and the terrace as contrast in Anding District, Dingxi City. Results indicated that the level terrace with slope was preserved perfectly, where annual average runoff and sediment yields in runoff generating area（25 m2） were 0.3 m3 and 3.96 kg, respectively. Runoff and sediment were totally retained by impounding area, which effectively con trolled soil and water loss, increased water resources, and relieved the water shortage for tree and grass wa ter demands. Soil water content in the 2 m layer varied inversely with vegetation growth. In the terrace as contrast, soil water content was highest, but the reduction of crop yield by drought reached the maximum. In the level terrace with slope, soil water content was lower and alfalfa yield was reduced greater in runoff generating area. In impounding area, however, soil water content was the lowest, while the growth of platy cladus orientalis was strong. Annual average evapotranspiration for the level terrace with slope（forests and grass mixed by belts） was 428.6 and 2.2 mm higher than that for the terrace as contrast.

关 键 词：径流调控工程 微型集水系统 退耕还林 径流林业 土壤水分 隔坡水平阶 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]