淤地坝控制黄土高原坡沟系统重力侵蚀的空间特征  

Spatial Characteristics of Gravitational Erosion in Slope-gully System on Loess Plateau as Controlled by Check Dam

作　　者：邹兵华[1] 袁洁[1] 李占斌[2,3] 李鹏[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院,四川成都610072 [2]西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [3]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第5期55-59,86,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：基于有限元技术,建立了关地沟4号坝上游典型坡沟系统的概化模型,结果发现随淤地坝坝地的淤高,坡沟系统的稳定性和滑塌量分别增强和减少,其随坝地淤高的变化分别满足二项式和直线规律;通过软件模拟计算,结果发现在坡沟系统重力侵蚀中,随着淤地坝的淤高,峁坡和沟坡滑塌物的体积和重量之比基本为1∶50;峁坡滑塌物的体积和重量占总滑塌物的体积和重量的2%,而沟坡滑塌物的体积和重量占总滑塌物的体积和重量的98%,沟坡重力侵蚀是沟道泥沙的主要来源。该研究结果可为小流域沟道重力侵蚀的预报和侵蚀量的评估提供重要参数和科学依据。By using finite element method and establishing a generalized model for the classical slopegully system of Guandigou watershed, it is found that with gradual rise of dam land, the stability of the slopegully system is enhanced and the slumping amount is reduced, which separately satisfies binomial and linear rules. Through calculating and simulating by software, the erosion amounts and percentages of gravitational erosion on mound and gully slopes are obtained. For gravitational erosion of the slopegully system, with dam land rising gradually, ratio of the volume to weight of slumping soil on mound slope or gully slope is about 1 ： 50. In addition, the volume and weight of slumping soil on mound slope are about 2 percent of the volume and weight of the total slumping soil, respectively, while on gully slope, about 98 percent. Thus, the gravitational erosion on gully slope is the main source of channel sediment. Result from the study can provide im portant parameters and a scientific foundation for predicting and quantitatively evaluating gravitational ero sion in small watershed.

关 键 词：黄土高原 坡沟系统 滑坡侵蚀 定量评价 

分 类 号：P642.13[天文地球—工程地质学]