羞怯与孤独感——自我效能的多重中介效应  

Shyness and Loneliness: The Multiple Mediating Effects of Self-efficacy

作　　者：李彩娜[1] 党健宁[1] 何姗姗[2] 李红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院现代教学技术教育部重点实验室,西安710062 [2]华东师范大学社会发展学院,上海200241

出　　处：《心理学报》2013年第11期1251-1260,共10页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究一般项目(11YJC190012);中央高校基本科研业务费2010年度专项资金项目(10SZZD05)

摘　　要：以777名青少年为被试,运用《羞怯问卷》、《孤独感问卷》、《社交效能量表》和《情绪调节效能感问卷》进行测量研究,考察了青少年羞怯与孤独感的关系以及社交自我效能与情绪调节自我效能在羞怯与孤独感间的作用机制。相关分析表明:青少年羞怯、情绪调节自我效能、社交自我效能与孤独感间相关显著;结构方程模型分析结果显示,羞怯不但能直接正向预测个体的孤独感体验,还会通过情绪调节自我效能和社交效能间接预测个体的孤独感;自我效能在羞怯与孤独间起多重中介作用。Individuals are born with the need to interact with others and may do so in a variety of ways. Most have sufficient social skills to do so successfully. Some, however, suffer loneliness because they are shy. Shyness, often described as discomfort and behavioral inhibition in social interactions, has been shown to have detrimental effects on individuals＇ social adaptation. Studies have shown that shyness coexists with negative emotions and is a robust predictor of loneliness. However, there has been little attention paid to the mediators explaining the relationship between shyness and loneliness. Self-report measurements support expectations of rejection and interpersonal incompetence. Social support, self-esteem and humor style were confirmed as mediators of the relationship. Additionally, self-efficacy appears to be the likely mechanism accounting for the indirect relationship between shyness and loneliness. Social cognitive theory postulates that self-efficacy, a person＇s confidence in his or her ability to execute a course of action, plays a vital role in determining their psychosocial functioning. Shy people tended to report lower self-esteem in social interactions and have lower confidence in their ability to maintain a relationship, resulting in difficulty developing intimate relationships. Shy people are thus likely to have a greater sense of loneliness due to low self-efficacy in socioemotional domains. Studies have shown that shyness was closely related to lower regulatory emotional and social self-efficacy, fewer social interactions and greater feelings of loneliness. Regulatory emotional self-efficacy, a measure of an individuals＇ perceived capacity to form, maintain and inhibit emotion has always been regarded as a domain related form of the construct of self-efficacy. Social self-efficacy, which refers to an individual＇s beliefs and confidence in their ability to establish and maintain a lasting relationship, is a related construct. Integrative model of self-efficacy postulates that self-eff

关 键 词：羞怯 孤独 自我效能感 多重中介 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]