春播紫花苜蓿生长期(刈割后)的杂草防除研究  

Control Effect of Post-harvest Herbicide Treatments on Weeds in Spring-seeded Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Fields

作　　者：林建海[1] 许瑞轩[1] 路文杰[1] 王硕[1] 张英俊[1] 李志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《杂草科学》2013年第3期21-25,共5页Weed Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(编号:2013QJ070);农业部牧草工程技术研究中心项目;国家牧草产业技术体系资助项目(编号:CARS-35)

摘　　要：选用7种不同的除草处理,探究不同茬次刈割后的单、混用除草技术对紫花苜蓿的安全性、产量及杂草防除效果的影响.结果表明：一茬刈割后施药,杂草鲜重防效最好的是烯草酮＋2,4-DB,最差的是2,4-DB;禾草鲜防最好的是烯草酮,其次分别是精稳杀得和精喹禾灵,效果一般;喷施精稳杀得＋2,4-DB和精稳杀得＋苯达松可显著提高二茬的产量.然而,二茬刈割后施药,杂草鲜重防效最好的却是精稳杀得＋苯达松;喷施烯草酮、精稳杀得和精喹禾灵防除禾草的效果非常好,防效在86.18％ ～ 100.00％.喷施2,4-DB的单、混用处理三茬产量显著减少.此外,喷施2,4-DB和苯达松的单、混用处理对阔叶草的鲜重防效和株防效都超过66.70％.The efficacy and selectivity of seven herbicide treatments in alfalfa were detertmined.Based on fresh weight the best weed control was obtained with clethodim ＋2,4-DB applied after the first alfalfa;the least effective was 2,4-DB.For grass weed control the best herbicide was clethodim,followed by fluzifop-p-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl.Fluzifop-p-butyl ＋ 2,4-DB and fluzifop-p-butyl ＋ bentazon had a significant effect on the yield of the second alfalfa harvest.Fluzifop-p-butyl ＋ bentazon was the best herbicide treatment in terms of weeds fresh weight reduction when applied after the second crop harvest.Clethodim,fluzifop-p-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl also provided satisfactory control that ranged between 86％ and 100％.2,4-DB applied alone or mixed with other herbicides significantly reduced alfalfa yield at the third harvest.Stem and fresh weight control of broadleaf weeds was above 67％,when 2,4-DB and bentazon were applied alone or mixed with other herbicides.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 除草处理 喷药时机 杂草防除效果 

分 类 号：S451.1[农业科学—植物保护]