干旱胁迫对彩色棉花农艺、品质性状和水分利用效率的影响  

Effect of Drought Stress on Agronomic Traits,Quality,and WUE in Different Colored Upland Cotton Varieties(Lines)

作　　者：陈玉梁[1,2] 石有太[2] 罗俊杰[2] 李忠旺[2] 厚毅清[2] 王蒂[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《作物学报》2013年第11期2074-2082,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2009ZX08005-013B)资助

摘　　要：为了探索干旱胁迫对彩色棉花主要性状的影响及其水分利用机制,选用7个不同色彩的棉花品种(系),在常规灌溉、胁迫灌溉和生育期不灌溉3种环境条件下,调查其农艺性状、品质性状、水分利用效率(WUE)和产量。结果表明,干旱胁迫下不同色彩棉花品种的单株成铃数、单铃重、株高、花铃期叶片数、有效果枝数、收获指数、果节数、籽指、茎粗和果茎节间长度减少,衣分增加;灌水量减少一半,参试棉花品种的产量均降低,不灌溉处理的籽棉产量与常规灌溉间差异显著(P<0.05);籽棉产量的降低幅度品种间存在较大差异(P<0.05),棕色棉的减产幅度高于绿色棉。常规灌溉处理下,白色棉花水分利用效率高于棕色棉花和绿色棉花,而后二者差异不显著;干旱胁迫下,棕色棉花的水分利用效率高于绿色棉花。与水分利用效率相关的主要农艺性状、品质指标是:叶片数、单株成铃数、有效果枝数、果节数、株高、收获指数、单铃重、主茎节间长度、茎粗、籽指、衣分。To explore the effect of drought stress on main colored cotton traits and water use efficiency （WUE） mechanism, we performed the experiments with split-plot design, irrigation amounts （normal irrigation, stress irrigation, and no irrigation） were taken as the main-plots, and seven colored cotton varieties （lines） were used as the sub-plots. The results showed that the boll number per plant, weight per boll, plant height, leaf number, number of fruiting branch, harvest index, number of fruit nodes, seed index, stem diameter, internode length of fruit branches and main stem reduced, but the lint percentage increased under drought stress. When the irrigation amount reduced by half, all cultivars yield decreased, there was significant difference between normal irrigation and no irrigation （P〈0.05）. There also existed significant difference in seed cotton yield among varieties （lines） （P〈0.05）, the yield reduction of brown cotton cultivar was higher than that of green cotton cultivar. Under normal irrigation, the WUE of white cotton was higher than that of green cotton and brown cotton; there was no significant difference in WUE between brown cotton and green cotton. Under drought stress, the WUE of brown cotton was higher than that of green cotton. So WUE is related to leaf number, the boll number per plant, number of fruiting branches, number of fruit nodes, plant height, harvest index, weight per boll, length between fruit branches and main stem, seed index, the stem diameter, and lint percentage.

关 键 词：彩色棉花 产量 农艺性状 品质性状 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]