原鸡与文昌鸡杂交F_2代种蛋蛋壳质量对失重及孵化效果的影响  

Effects of Eggshell Quality of F_2 Hybrids of Jungle Fowl Crossing with Wenchang Chicken on Weight Loss and Hatching

作　　者：李笑春[1] 吴科榜[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学农学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《中国家禽》2013年第21期9-12,共4页China Poultry

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(310027)

摘　　要：以原鸡与文昌鸡杂交F2代种蛋为研究对象,测定孵化期间死精蛋、死胚蛋和健胚蛋的蛋壳厚度、气孔数及种蛋失重率,并对三者进行相关性分析,研究种蛋蛋壳厚度和气孔数对失重及孵化效果的影响。结果表明:死精蛋和死胚蛋的蛋壳厚度均显著高于健胚蛋(P<0.05),死精蛋与死胚蛋之间差异不显著(P>0.05);死精蛋、死胚蛋和健胚蛋锐端气孔数差异不显著(P>0.05),但钝端气孔数健胚蛋显著高于死胚蛋(P<0.05),与死精蛋差异不显著(P>0.05),死精蛋与死胚蛋差异也不显著(P>0.05);种蛋孵化期间死精蛋、死胚蛋、健胚蛋三者失重率差异均不显著(P>0.05),但健胚蛋高于死胚蛋;钝端气孔数与失重率呈显著正相关(P<0.05),蛋壳厚度与失重率相关性不显著(P>0.05)。以上结果说明,种蛋蛋壳过厚,气孔数尤其是钝端气孔数过少,会影响种蛋的失重,从而导致胚胎死亡。In this experiment, breeding eggs from F2 hybridized generation of jungle fowl （GaUus gallus） and Wenchang chicken （Callus domesticus）were used. The eggshell thickness,pore number and weight loss rate of dead fertilized eggs, dead embryo eggs and healthy embryo eggs during incubation were measured simultaneously and their correlation analysis were all performed to study the effects of eggshell thickness and pore number of breeding eggs on weight loss rate and hatching results. The results showed that eggshell thicknesses of dead fertilized eggs and dead embryo eggs were significantly higher than those in healthy embryo eggs （P〈O.05）, but there were no significant difference between dead fertilized eggs and dead embryo eggs （P〉0.05）. The pore number at the small head of eggs showed no significant difference among three types of eggs （P〉0.05）,but pore number in blunt end of healthy embryo eggs was significantly higher than that of dead embryo eggs （P〈0.05）, whereas there was no significant difference between healthy embryo eggs and dead fertilized eggs （P〉0.05）,and no obvious difference was found in dead fertilized eggs and dead embryo eggs （P〉O.05）. There was no significant difference in weight loss rate among dead fertilized eggs, dead embryo eggs and healthy embryo eggs （P〉0.05）,however, healthy embryo eggs was higher than dead embryo eggs. There was significant correlation between pore number in blunt end and weight loss rate, but eggshell thickness did not correlate significantly with weight loss rate. The results indicated that excessive thickness of eggshell and less pore number especially the pore number in blunt end of eggs would affect weight loss of breeding eggs, further causing embryonic death.

关 键 词：原鸡 文昌鸡 蛋壳厚度 气孔数 失重率 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]