基于软岩流变特性的“围岩-锚杆”系统稳定性模拟研究  

“Rock-bolt”System Stability Based on the Soft Rock Rheological Properties

作　　者：刘长雷 赵同彬[2,3] 于忠久 王丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团重庆研究院,重庆400039 [2]山东科技大学资源与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [3]中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083 [4]山西三元煤业股份有限公司,山西长治046013

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期13-18,共6页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51004068);中国博士后科学基金项目(2012M510609)

摘　　要：针对新河煤矿-760m软岩巷道变形大且持久的特点,采用三维数值模拟方法,分析了软岩巷道的流变特性对"围岩-锚杆"系统的影响,研究了流变软岩巷道围岩位移以及锚杆受力的发展变化特征。研究结果表明:锚杆轴应力与剪应力符合中性点理论,并且岩体弹性模量越小,锚杆剪应力越小,分布范围越大、越均匀,岩体弹性模量越大,剪应力越大,其作用范围越小、越集中,并且围岩位移会随着岩体弹性模量的减小而增大,即岩体越软,围岩位移越大。但通过锚注加固作用,该类软岩巷道围岩位移都得到了有效的控制,锚杆剪应力的分布特征研究为锚杆锚固形式在不同强度岩体中的选择提供了依据。Aimed at the feature of large and long deformation of the --760 m soft rock roadway in Xinhe Coal Mine, this paper adopted the three-dimensional numerical simulation method to analyze the influences of rheological property on the ＂rock-bolt＂ system and study the developmental and changing law of the surrounding rock displacement and anchor rod acting force. The results show that the axial stress and shear stress accord with the neutral point theory. To be specific,the less the elastic modulus of rock mass is, the less the anchor shear stress is,and the wider and better the distribution will be. Contrarily, the more the shear stress is and the smaller and concentrative the action sphere is. What＇s more, the displacement of surrounding rock will increase as the elastic modulus of rock mass decreases. Namely, the softer the rock mass is, the bigger the displacement is. However, through the reinforcing func- tion of bolt-grouting, the displacements of such surrounding rocks of the soft rock roadways are well controlled. The study of the distribution of anchor rod shear stress provides the foundation of how to choose ancho-rage form in rock masses of different strengths and also saves the support cost of coal mines.

关 键 词：软岩流变 "围岩-锚杆"系统 锚注加固 锚固形式 

分 类 号：TD313[矿业工程—矿井建设]