甲状腺术后窒息原因与处理  

Etiology and emergency management of asphyxia after thyroidectomy

作　　者：孙辉[1] 刘晓莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学附属中日联谊医院甲状腺外科,长春130033

出　　处：《中华普外科手术学杂志（电子版）》2013年第4期13-16,共4页Chinese Journal of Operative Procedures of General Surgery(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：吉林市科技厅项目(20110449)

摘　　要：甲状腺术后窒息虽不多见,却十分凶险,可能危及生命,需要紧急外科干预。引起窒息的风险因素包括:甲状腺结节病史的长短、胸骨后甲状腺肿、巨大甲状腺肿、甲状腺癌、甲状腺结节复发或再次手术,气管受压狭窄的严重程度、气管插管困难程度、喉返神经损伤程度等。由于术前评估不全面、临床症状的忽视、临场施救缺乏经验、准备不足,甲状腺术后窒息导致死亡时有发生。外科医生应全面了解甲状腺手术后窒息的原因,积极预防、及时发现、有效抢救,提高甲状腺手术安全性。Asphyxia after thyroidectomy is a rare but fatal complication, which needs emergent surgical intervention. The risk factors of postoperative asphyxia include the duration of goiter, rctrosternal struma, giant goiter, thyroid cancer, recurrent goiter, reoperation, tracheal compression, difficult endotracheal intubation and operative injury to the laryngeal nerve. Incomplete preoperative evaluation, ignorance of clinical symptoms and lack of affordable medical services and experience in emergency management may cause postoperative death by asphyxia sometimes. To improve the safety of thyroid surgery, surgeons need to understand and anticipate asphyxia after thyroidectomy.

关 键 词：甲状腺切除术 窒息 喉返神经 创伤和损伤 喉水肿 气管切开术 

分 类 号：R653[医药卫生—外科学]