某大型电子企业员工职业紧张干预研究  

Intervention study on occupational stress of employees in one large-scale electronic company

作　　者：李霜[1] 张巧耘[2] 李朝林[1] 汤小辉[3] 李涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210028 [3]中国海洋石油总公司质量安全健康环保部,北京100010

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2013年第5期416-419,共4页China Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：目的评估某大型电子企业员工职业紧张状况,评价干预效果。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,应用Mclean职业紧张调查表和Goldberg普通健康调查表,抽取某大型电子企业的411名员工进行职业紧张程度的评估。针对评估结果,结合访谈法,制定职业紧张三级预防的综合干预计划并实施,2年后对抽取对象中在本企业工作满2年及以上的196名员工进行干预效果评价。结果干预后,员工职业紧张测量的3个维度中,应付能力[(50.5±7.6)分]较干预前[(53.5±7.5)分]有改善(P<0.01),职业紧张因素[(31.3±7.0)分]和工作满意感[(32.1±7.1)分]较干预前[分别为(31.0±6.2)和(33.1±6.2)分]无明显变化(P>0.05);干预后组员工精神卫生异常率(40.8%)比干预前组(50.4%)降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采取职业紧张三级预防干预综合性措施能够在一定程度上降低员工的职业紧张水平,增强员工应对职业紧张的能力。Objective To assess the level of occupational stress for employees in one large-scale electronic company, then take targeted integrated intervention measures to reduce occupational stress and improve mental health of the employees, and evaluate the intervention effects. Methods Employees were selected by random cluster sampling. The levels of stress and mental health of 411 employees were measured by Mclean＇s Occupational stress Questionnaire and Goldberg＇s General Health Questionnaire. Based on the evaluation results, combined with focus group interview, a comprehensive intervention plan was developed and implemented. The intervention effects were evaluated by the same questionnaires after 2 years. One hundred and ninety-six employees who had worked for over 2 years in this company were evaluated. Results After the intervention, among the 3 dimensions of occupational stress, the score of coping was significantly lower [ （50. 5± 7.6 ） vs （53.5±7.5 ）, P 〈 0.01 ], the scores of occupational stressor and job satisfaction were not statistically significant [ （31.3 ±7.0 ） vs （ 31.0 ± 6. 2 ） , （ 32. 1 ±7. 1 ） vs （ 33. 1 ±6. 2）, P 〉 0. 05]. The rate of mental ill health was significantly lower than before （40. 8 % vs 50.4% , P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion These comprehensive interventions can partly lower the level of occupational stress, and enhance the ability of employees to cope with occupational stress.

关 键 词：职业紧张 精神卫生 干预 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R395.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]