短期放牧强度对昭苏草甸草原土壤全量氮磷钾的影响  

Influence of Grazing Intensity on Soil Total Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium of Meadow Steppe in Zhaosu

作　　者：孙宗玖[1] 朱进忠[1] 张鲜花[1] 郑伟[1] 靳瑰丽[1] 古伟容[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《草地学报》2013年第5期895-901,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903060);新疆高校科研计划(XJEDU2011118);国家自然科学基金(31260574)资助

摘　　要：2010-2012年采用小区控制放牧试验,在伊犁昭苏草甸草原上研究了轻度放牧(0.38头牛·hm^(-2))、中度放牧(0.64头牛·hm^(-2))和重度放牧(0.90头牛·hm^(-2))对草地全氮、全磷、全钾及pH的影响。结果表明:短期放牧条件下,同一年度不同放牧强度间0~10 cm,10~20 cm和20~30 cm土层全氮、全磷、全钾含量及pH差异不显著;与放牧前比,放牧后0~30 cm土层全氮含量及pH出现一定程度降低,降幅分别为5.8%~29.7%和0%~5.0%,而全磷、全钾含量出现一定程度的增加,增幅分别为4.5%~29.2%和35.0%~100.8%;随着放牧强度的增加,土壤全氮、全磷、全钾含量呈增加趋势,pH呈先增加后降低的趋势;短期放牧强度与土壤全氮、全磷、全钾及pH间均无显著相关性;无论放牧与否,土壤全氮、全磷含量随剖面深度的增加呈现降低趋势,而pH基本呈增加趋势。总之,短期放牧强度对草地土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、pH影响不显著。The influence of grazing intensity including （0.64 cattle · hm^-2） and heavy grazing （0.90 cattle light grazing （0.38 cattle · hm^-2） , moderate grazing ·hm^-2） on soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and pH in Zhaosu Meadow Steppe was studied from 2010 to 2012 by plot grazing experiment. Result showed that the contents of soil total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 em soil layers were not significantly different among different grazing intensities at the same year during the short grazing period, and the same as soil pH. Compared with before grazing, the soil total ni- trogen content and soil pH of 0-30 cm soil layer after grazing decreased 5.8-29.7M, 0-5.0%, re- spectively; and the contents of soil total phosphorus and potassium increased 4.5% -29.2%, 35.0% 100.8 %, respectively. The contents of soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium increased and soil pH first increased then decreased with increasing grazing intensity. There was no significant correla- tion between grazing intensities and soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, pH under short grazing period. Whether grazing or not, the contents of soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus decreased, pH increased with the increase of soil depth. In short, different grazing intensities under short grazing pe- riod did not have significant influence on soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium contents and soil pH value.

关 键 词：放牧强度 草甸草原 全氮 全磷 全钾 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]