湖泊底泥土地利用对土壤中重金属铅、铜形态影响  

Effect of land use of lake sediments on lead and copper fractionation in soil

作　　者：王坤[1] 梁倩 王飞 商远凯 张芮华[1] 谢建治[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院河北省农田生态生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071001 [2]任县农工委,河北邢台055150 [3]任县政府办公室,河北邢台055150 [4]保定市食品药品监督管理局,河北保定071000

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第9期1614-1619,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：河北省重金属污染农田土壤修复技术规范(hbdb2012-03)

摘　　要：采用田区试验研究了田间种植冬小麦条件下,底泥土地利用前后土壤中重金属铅、铜的形态演变及小麦各器官中铅、铜的富集。结果表明,随着底泥施用量的增加,土壤中重金属铅、铜的可交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态、有机结合态、残渣态均有不同程度的增加,本试验所有处理中,可交换态铅的质量分数范围为0.02～0.10 mg·kg-1,碳酸盐结合态铅的质量分数范围为0.04～0.24 mg·kg-1,铁锰氧化物结合态铅质量分数为0.41～1.88 mg·kg-1,有机物结合态铅质量分数范围为1.23～4.92 mg·kg-1,残渣态铅质量分数范围为4.82～23.66 mg·kg-1;各处理与对照相比,可交换态铜质量分数增加了40.00%～200.00%,碳酸盐结合态铜质量分数增加了36.84%～363.16%,铁锰氧化物结合态铜质量分数增加了7.17～45.15%,有机结合态铜质量分数增加了7.98%～62.61%,残渣态铜质量分数增加了0.12%～9.69%,各处理的残渣态铅、铜质量分数均较高。随着底泥用量增加,小麦根系、茎叶、籽粒中铅、铜质量分数均呈增加趋势,植株对重金属铅、铜的富集顺序为根系>茎叶>籽粒,铜的富集系数均大于铅。小麦籽粒产量、茎叶生物量及地上部生物量随着底泥施用量的增加,均出现了先增加后减少的现象,当小麦籽粒产量达到最大值时,籽粒中铅、铜质量分数未超出我国相应标准,依此确定底泥环境安全施用量为3 051.29 t·hm-2。Field experiment was conducted to investigate the evolution of lead（Pb） and copper（Cu） fractionation in soils and the enrichments in wheat organs with the application of lake sediment in wheat production. Results showed that the concentrations of soil Cd and Pb in the forms of the exchangeable, carbonate, iron-manganese oxides, organic, residual increased with the application rate of the lake sediment. The concentration ranges of Pb in the forms of exchangeable, carbonate, iron-manganese oxides, organic and residual was 0.02-0.10 mg·kg-1, 0.04-0.24 mg·kg-1, 0.41-1.88 mg·kg-1, 1.23-4.92 mg·kg-1, and 4.82-23.66 mg·kg-1, respectively.In comparison with the control, the increases of exchangeable Cu, carbonate Cu, iron-manganese oxides Cu, organic Cu and residual Cu were 40.00%-200.00%, 36.84%-363.16%, 7.17%-45.15%, 7.98%-62.61% and 0.12%-9.69%, respectively. In addition, the contents of Pb and Cu in roots, stems and leafs and grains all increased with the application rate of lake sediment, where the enrichments were in an order of roots stem and leafs grains. Meanwhile, wheat yield, biomass of stems and leafs as well as above ground biomass responded to the application rate of sediment in a parabolic curve. The contents of Pb and Cu in wheat grains of maximum yield production met the regarding standards in China and thus a safe application rate of 3051.29 t·hm-2was provided.

关 键 词：底泥土地利用 铅形态 铜形态 冬小麦 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S512.11[农业科学—作物学]