黄檗鞘锈菌担子发育及担孢子萌发的细胞学研究  

Cytological studies of basidium development and basidiospore germination of Coleosporium phellodendri

作　　者：魏勇[1] 严吉明[1] 杨望飞[1] 叶华智[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学植物病理系,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《菌物学报》2013年第6期978-985,共8页Mycosystema

基　　金：四川省教育厅重点项目(No.08ZA054)

摘　　要：为了解黄檗鞘锈菌Coleosporium phellodendri担子发育及担孢子萌发的细胞学变化,采用光学显微镜观察了冬孢子萌发、担子发育及担孢子萌发过程,并利用苏木精染色法对冬孢子萌发过程中细胞核的变化进行了研究。结果表明:未成熟的冬孢子含有两个细胞核,成熟时冬孢子伸长,两个细胞核融合成为1个核;冬孢子萌发时,中间形成一隔膜,将冬孢子分成两部分,上部分含金黄色的原生质体,下部呈透明的柄状结构;上部分发育形成4个细胞的内担子,然后发育形成担孢子。担孢子萌发时,产生1个芽管,顶端形成外观上与担孢子形态大小基本一致的次生孢子。次生孢子萌发产生芽管,形成菌丝。有极个别的次生孢子可再次形成次生孢子。冬孢子和担孢子在5–25℃温度范围内均能萌发,其中以15–25℃为适宜萌发的温度范围。The process of teliospore germination, basidium development and basidiospore germination of Coleosporium phellodendri was observed with light microscope. The nucleus changes in germinating teliospore were also assayed by using iron hematoxylin staining method, The results showed that the immature teliospores contained two nuclei, and when the teliospores matured, the two nuclei would merge into one nucleus along with the elongation of teliospore body. When germination occurred, teliospores elongated and formed a septum to divide the cells into two parts. The upper parts with golden yellow protoplast developed into internal basidia and then basidiospores, while the basal transparent parts became pedicel-like. Germinating basidiospors formed a germ tube and developed a secondary spore. The germinating secondaryspores normally formed hyphae. A few germinating secondary spores could repeatedly develop the tertiary spores. Both the teliospores and basidiospores could germinate in a wide temperature range from 5 to 25℃, with optimum temperature of 15-25 ℃.

关 键 词：鞘锈属 黄檗鞘锈菌 冬孢子 担孢子 次生孢子 萌发温度 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]