牙鲆渤海自然群体的遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of genetic diversity in Bohai natural population of Paralichthys olivaceus

作　　者：刘永新[1] 朱以美 刘英杰[1] 高磊[1] 方辉[1] 韩刚[1] 王玉芬[3] 姜秀凤[3] 刘海金[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141 [2]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [3]中国水产科学研究院北戴河中心实验站,河北秦皇岛066100

出　　处：《水产学报》2013年第11期1609-1617,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD26B01);国家鲆鲽类产业技术体系专项(CARS-50-G2)

摘　　要：为分析牙鲆自然群体的遗传多样性并筛选出能有效鉴定群体遗传特征的特异性微卫星标记，实验收集了渤海流域74尾野生个体组成实验群体。选择牙鲆24个连锁群上不同区域的72个微卫星标记进行遗传分析，其中，近着丝粒区域包含17个标记，连锁群中部包含19个标记，远着丝粒区域包含36个标记。结果显示：在连锁群不同区域上等位基因数（A）介于6．400～7．389，有效等位基因数（No）介于4．469～5．129，Shannon多样性指数（I）介于1．565～1．683；观测杂合度（Ho）、无偏倚杂合度期望值（Hc）和多态信息含量（PIC）的范围分别为0．568～0．593、0．738～0．753和0．707～0．746；Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数（d）在-0．200以下；群体内个体之间的遗传距离在0．620以上。各项遗传参数表明该实验群体具有较为丰富的遗传多样性，个体之间具有相对较远的遗传距离，适宜作为基础群体进行选育。位于连锁群不同区域的微卫星标记获得的遗传参数并无明显差异，验证了标记所在位置与标记多样性高低不存在必然联系，但这些多态性标记可以作为分析牙鲆群体遗传结构的候选标记。To analyze the genetic diversity of natural population and select the specific microsatellite markers for identifying effectively genetic characteristics of population in Japanese flounder（ Paralichthys olivaceus） in this study,seventy-four wild individuals captured from the Bohai Sea were used to form the experimental population. A set of 72 microsatellite markers located on different regions in linkage group were chosen to carry out the genetic analysis. In these markers, 17 were located in the centromeric region,36 in the distant region from the centromere and 19 in the intermediate region of linkage groups. Analysis showed that the number of alleles （A） ranged from 6. 400 to 7. 389, number of effective alleles （ Nc ） ranged from 4. 469 to 5. 129 and Shannon＇ s information index （I） ranged from 1. 565 to 1. 683 in different regions of linkage group. The Observed heterozygosity （Ho ）, unbiased expected heterozygosity （Ho）and polymorphism information content （PIC） was from 0. 568 to 0. 593, from 0. 738 to 0. 753 and from 0. 707 to 0. 746, respectively. The Hardy-Weinberg departure value （d） was lower than - 0. 200, while, genetic distance （GD） among individuals in population was above than 0. 620. Each genetic parameter demonstrated that there was richer genetic diversity in experimental population and relatively farther genetic distance among individuals. This population was suitable for conducting Selective breeding as founder population. Significant difference did not exist in the genetic parameters obtained by microsatellite markers located on different regions in linkage group, which verified that there was no necessary correlation between the positions of marker located and the degree of genetic diversity of markers. However,these polymorphic markers could be used as marker candidates to analyze the genetic structure in population of Japanese flounder.

关 键 词：牙鲆 自然群体 微卫星 着丝粒 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]