空化工况下喷水推进器推力性能计算  

Calculating thrust of marine waterjets in cavitation conditions

作　　者：丁江明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通学院,湖北武汉430063 [2]海军工程大学动力工程学院,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第10期100-104,共5页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51009142)

摘　　要：提出了将喷水推进泵空化性能数据与喷水推进控制方程相结合,来求取喷水推进器推力特性的理论计算方法.首先,将泵的流量、扬程和功率转换成无量纲形式后与空化数一起来统一描述泵的空化性能;然后,采用人工神经网络方法对具有强烈非线性特征的离散的空化性能数据进行插值扩充来满足推力计算对泵空化性能数据连续取值的需求.在此基础上,迭代求解喷水推进控制方程组,并调用泵的空化性能数据来求取喷水推进器的推力随航速和输入功率的变化特性.基于上述方法运用Matlab/Simulink程序对某型喷水推进器的推力特性进行了仿真计算.计算结果显示:喷水推进器的推力性能与泵的空化性能具有紧密的关联性,推力性能图中大功率、低航速工况下推力曲线下弯的区域对应了喷水推进泵出现严重空化的工况.A theoretical calculation of waterjet thrust was proposed, in which the cavitation data of pumps were combined with the control equations of waterjet propulsion systems. First, the flow rate, head and power of pumps were transformed into dimensionless parameters to describe the cavitation characteristics in a universal format. Then the cavitation data with discrete and strong nonlinearity were interpolated with artificial neural network method to meet the continuum requirement for the thrust calculation on the pump data. On this basis, the thrust performance as the functions of ship speed and power input were calculated by solving iteratively the control equations of the waterjet propulsion systems and calling the cavitation data of the pumps simultaneously. Based on the above method, the thrust of a waterjet was simulated with Matlab/Simulink code. Simulation results indicate that the waterjet thrust is closely related to the cavitation characteristics of pumps. The bending part of the thrust curves in high-power and low-ship-speed conditions is properly corresponding to the severe cavitation in pumps.

关 键 词：船舶 喷水推进 空化 推力性能 计算方法 

分 类 号：U664.32[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]