电阻电路分析方法在冰水情自动监测中的应用  

Application of The Analysis Method of Resistance Circuit in Au-Tomatic Monitoring for the Information of Ice and Water

作　　者：韩光毅[1] 秦建敏[1] 张瑞锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学新型传感器与智能控制教育部重点实验室,山西太原030024 [2]黄河水利委员会宁蒙水文水资源局,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《数学的实践与认识》2013年第21期101-109,共9页Mathematics in Practice and Theory

基　　金：2009年度高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20091402110004);2012年公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201201080);山西省回国留学人员科研资助(2012-045)

摘　　要：电阻元件特性和包含电阻元件的电路分析是电路理论中最基本的分析内容和电路分析方法之一.根据冰水情工程检测中的客观环境条件,利用空气、冰与水的等效电阻随温度变化所具有的数值差异这一特点,将电路理论中电阻电路分析方法应用于冰水情工程检测中,提出了将检测环境分层处理的思路,应用线性电路理论中电阻分压的原理,通过对各分层介质等效电阻的检测、计算,反推出被检测介质的物理形态,进而实现对冰层内部物理状态、冰层厚度与冰下水位连续监测的目的.基于这一新的检测原理,作者研制成功新型R-T(电阻-温度梯度)冰水情自动检测传感器及其检测系统,并在南极海冰观测、黄河中上游河道冰水情定点连续监测、高寒地区河道与水电大坝冰情预警与水文信息自动测报等多个重大工程领域获得应用,为解决南极科学考察、黄河冰凌灾害预报、高寒地区河道、水电大坝、湖泊等领域冰情自动监测难题提供了一种新的检测方法与实现途径.Characters of resistance elements and circuit analysis are basic content in circuit theories. Based on the real circumstance in the boundary between ice and water, the author applies the method of resistance analysis into detection of the layer between ice and water. We put forward the new method of detecting by different layers employing the different changes of resistance in air, water, and ice. Resistances in a series circuit bears different voltage. We use the principle in an adverse direction to determine the materials. In this way, we can fix the state of ice and water. The automatic detection of rivers, sea ice, and channels can be achieved with our R-T（resistance against temperature） sensors. We successfully installed our sensors and accessol^y system in Antarctic pole, Yellow River, severe cold zone, and dams. We bring forward a new detection method and produce a system containing sensors to be used in automatic detection of various fields of fresh water and salt water.

关 键 词：电阻 电路分析 传感器 自动监测 

分 类 号：P335[天文地球—水文科学]