滴灌免耕对小麦茬后复播油葵土壤物理特性及产量影响  

Effect of Different Irrigation and Tillage Patterns on Soil Physical Properties and Yield in Multiple Cropping Oil Sunflower

作　　者：蒋桂英[1] 刘建国[1] 张全枝[1] 周贵龙[1] 焦晓玲[1] 杨宏伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2013年第5期59-62,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B06);石河子大学重大科技攻关项目(gxjs2010-zdgg03-01);石河子大学高层次人才项目(RCZX200812);人力资源与社会保障部留学回国人员科技活动项目(2010LX006)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,分析比较滴灌免耕、滴灌翻耕、漫灌免耕和漫灌翻耕等4种处理措施对土壤紧实度、密度、土壤贮水量以及复播油葵水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,滴灌免耕栽培技术与常规翻耕漫灌相比,免耕使得耕作层土壤密度、土壤紧实度略有增加。滴灌处理耕层土壤贮水量高于漫灌处理。滴灌免耕能增强土壤入渗性能,改善土壤物理特性。滴灌免耕产量较常规翻耕漫灌增加11.9%,生育期耗水量节省了31.8%,水分利用效率提高了49.1%。Field experiments were conducted to study the changes of soil compaction, soil bulk density, the field capacity and yield in multiple cropping oil sunflower under the treatments including drip irrigation with no-till （DNT）, drip irrigation with conventional tillage（DCT）, flood irrigation with no-till （FNT） and flood irrigation with conventional tillage（FCT）. The results showed that the treatment of no-till had a little impact on soil physical properties, which could lead to increase in soil compaction and soil bulk density in the layer of 0-20 cm. However, field capacity under drip irrigation was higher than that under flood irrigation. In short, the drip irrigation with no-till treatments could improve the soil physical properties and enhance soil infiltration capacity. Drip irrigation with no-till could increase WUE and the yield by 49.1 and 11.9% respectively. This sowing technology can be used in upstate Xinjiang area and similar region.

关 键 词：滴灌 免耕 复播油葵 土壤物理特性 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S565.5