河西绿洲灌区春小麦配施生物菌肥对化肥减量的效应  

Effects of Fertilizer Reduction on Wheat Cultivation with the Application of Biological Bacterial Fertilizer in Hexi Oasis Irrigation Areas

作　　者：黄鹏[1,2] 王海东[2] 杨育川[2] 王才林[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第30期91-95,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"西北绿洲农牧循环技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B10)

摘　　要：为了改变粮食生产中化肥施量居高不下的现状,在甘肃河西绿洲灌区大田试验条件下,研究了小麦配施生物菌肥对化肥减量的效应。结果表明,小麦施用生物菌肥可提高籽粒产量和肥、水、光能利用效率。在配施生物菌肥条件下,化肥较当前高施肥水平(N 180 kg/hm2、P2O590 kg/hm2)减量15%和30%时,小麦的产量分别达到6428 kg/hm2、5943 kg/hm2,氮肥利用率分别为30.75%、31.66%,磷肥利用率分别为22.65%、22.74%,水分利用率分别为1.26 kg/m3、1.18 kg/m3,生育期光能利用率分别为0.69%、0.68%,证明在配施优质生物菌肥的条件下,化肥减量15%以内能够保证小麦稳产,在实际生产中是可行的。In order to change the high status of fertilizer application amount in the grain production, the experiment with single factor design to study the feasibility of reducing fertilizer application by using the bio-fertilizer on wheat in Hexi oasis. The results showed that, using the bio-fertilizer could improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, water and light energy. Because of the biological fertilizer combined application, when fertilizer application amount was reduced to 15% and 30% on the current high fertilization level （N： 180 kg/hm2, P2O5： 90 kg/hm2）, wheat yield was 6428 kg/hm2 and 5943 kg/hm2, nitrogen utilization rate was 30.75% and 31.66%, phosphorus utilization rate was 22.65% and 22.74%, water use efficiency was 1.26 kg/m3 and 1.18 kg/m3, light energy utilization rate of which was feasible that the usage of fertilizer growth period was 0.69% and 0.68%. Trials had been obtained reduced the magnitude of less than 15% in actual production under the condition of with the application of high-quality biological fertilizer.

关 键 词：春小麦 生物菌肥 化肥减量 水分利用效率 光能利用率 

分 类 号：S144.1[农业科学—肥料学] S512.12[农业科学—农业基础科学]