回流法制备菜花状、松果状和剑麻状硫化铋纳米材料及其表征  

Refluxing Synthesis and Characterization of Bi_2S_3 Nanostructures with Cauliflower-like,Pinecone-like,Sisal-like Morphologies

作　　者：朱启安[1] 占凯[1] 谭香[1] 张琪[1] 胡耐根[2] 袁达辉 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学化学学院,环境友好化学与应用省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖南湘潭411105 [2]新余学院新能源科学与工程学院,江西新余338004

出　　处：《湘潭大学自然科学学报》2013年第3期58-63,共6页Natural Science Journal of Xiangtan University

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(06C829);湘潭大学第五届大学生研究性学习和创新性实验计划项目(No.29)

摘　　要：以硝酸铋和硫脲为反应物、水为溶剂，分别添加表面活性剂OP-10和PEG400，用回流法制备了菜花状、松果状和刽麻状硫化铋纳米花．用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X-射线衍射（XRD）、能量分散光谱（EDs）、紫外一可见光谱（Uv-Vis）及选区电子衍射（sAED）对纳米花进行了表征．结果表明。硫化铋纳米花属正交晶系；每朵纳米花是由数十个直径为50～100nln、长度为300～1200mm的纳米花瓣自组装而成的；与体相硫化铋相比，其对光的吸收强度增大．能带间隙由体相的1．3eV增加到约1．83eV．显示比较强的量子尺寸效应；表面活性剂对决定产物的形貌和尺寸起着重要的作用．Novel flowerlike bismuth sulfide （Biz S2} nanostruetures with cauliflower-like, pinecone-like, sisal-like morphologies were successfully synthesized by the refluxing process with bismuth nitrate EBi （No3）3 ＊ 5 H20] and thiourea [＇（ NH2 ）2 CS＇] as reactants and water as solvent in the presence of surfactant ineluding OP-10 and PEG400. The as-prepared nanoflowefs were characterized by scanning electron micros- copy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy {TEM）, powder X-ray diffraction （XRD） pattern, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS}, ultraviolet-visible （UV-Vis） speetra and selected area electron dif- fraction {SAED） pattern. The results show that the bismuth sulfide nanoflowers are orthorhombic phase. The single nanoflower is formed by self-assembly of tens of Bis $3 nanopetals with a diameter of 50~ 100 nm and lengths up to 300~ 1 200 nm. The absorption intensities of Bi2 Sj nanoflowers to light increases evident- ly and the band gap energy is 1.83 eV, which is shifted to higher energy compared with the typical direct band gap of 1.3 eV of the bulk Biz S~ and exhibits strong quantum-size effects. The surfactants play a key role in determining the shape and size of the nanoflowers.

关 键 词：硫化铋 纳米花 回流法 

分 类 号：O614.532[理学—无机化学] O613.51[理学—化学]