一种新型阳非两性双子表面活性剂的合成及性能  

Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Cationic-Nonionic Gemini Surfactant

作　　者：赵田红[1,2] 夏吉佳[1] 蒲万芬[2,3] 田园媛[3] 彭国峰[4] 耿向飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都610500 [2]油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610500 [3]西南石油大学石油工程学院,四川成都610500 [4]中国石油四川石化有限责任公司生产一部,四川彭州611930

出　　处：《精细化工》2013年第11期1213-1216,共4页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：以脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和四甲基乙二胺为主要原料,经卤代、季铵化两步反应合成一种阳-非两性双子表面活性剂N,N'-乙撑双月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚二甲基氯化铵(DAEQ9-Cl)。卤代反应条件为:n(AEO-9)∶n(SOCl2)=1∶1.5,温度80℃,时间8 h,吡啶作为催化剂,产率为87%;季铵化反应条件为:n(中间体)∶n(四甲基乙二胺)=2∶1,温度80℃,时间3 d,产率为79%。产物结构通过红外光谱、1HNMR得到证实。DAEQ9-Cl的水溶液在25℃测定其CMC=3.2×10-2mmol/L,γCMC=33.44 mN/m。DAEQ9-Cl与AEO-9复配表现出良好的协调效应,在最佳n(DAEQ9-Cl)∶n(AEO-9)=4∶6下,体系的CMC=6.78×10-3mmol/L,γCMC=28.5 mN/m,具有较好的起泡性和稳泡性。A novel type of cationic-nonionic gemini surfactant DAEQ9-CI was synthesized with lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene （9）, dimethyl sulfoxide and tetramethylethylenediamine as the main starting materials. The main reaction includes chlorination and quaterisation. The optimum reaction conditions were ascertained as follows：n（ dimethy] sulfoxide）：hi lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene （9）] = 1.5：1, the reaction taking place at 80 ℃ for 8 h, with pyridine as catalyst. Under such optimum reaction conditions, the yield was 87%. In the quaterisation process, the intermediate and tetramethylethylenediamine（mole ratio 2：1 ） reacted at 80 ℃ for 3 d, and the yield was 79%. The target product was identified by IR and ~ HNMR. The critical micelle concentration （ CMC ） is 3.2 x 10 -2 mmol/L and /cMc is 33.44 mN/m at 25 ℃ in aqueous solution. DAEQ9-C1 shows a synergic effect when blended with AEO-9. The best compatibility effect was achieved at a molar ratio of 4：6. The best compound system shows CMC = 6.78 x 10-3 mmol/L, and 7cMc = 28.5 mN/m. This new surfactant exhibits higher foaming ability and foam stability.

关 键 词：阳-非两性双子表面活性剂 表征 表面活性 

分 类 号：TQ423.3[化学工程]