高位脊髓损伤后心血管系统改变的病理生理学机制  

The pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications after spinal cord injury

作　　者：王凯[1] 齐敦益[1] 

机构地区：[1]徐州医学院附属医院麻醉科,221002

出　　处：《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2013年第11期1043-1046,共4页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation

摘　　要：背景高位脊髓损伤（spinal cord injury，SCI）是临床上一种较为凶险的创伤性疾病，损伤之后会出现各种器官系统的并发症，其中以心血管系统尤为突出。目的拟对高位SCI后心血管系统改变的临床表现及病理生理机制进行综述。内容损伤即刻即出现脊髓休克的症状，伴随各种类型心律失常，许多患者急性期即失去代偿能力，严重的会引起死亡；随着病情的发展，体位性低血压、自主神经反射异常是慢性期最常见的并发症，静息时血压较低而受到恶性刺激时血压急剧升高，严重影响患者的生命安全及生活质量。趋向研究高位SCI后心血管系统并发症的病理生理学机制，可以为临床高位SCI患者的诊断治疗及相关的基础研究起到指导作用。Background Spinal cord injury （SCI）, especially in patients with cervical or high thoracic SCI, is one of the most devastating traumatic events. Cardiovascular disorders, which are common complications following SCI, are probably the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in both acute and chronic stages. Objective It is aimed to review the epidemiology of cardiovascular disorders, neuroanatomy and pathopbysiology of autonomic nervous system after SCI. Content During the acute stage, many patients die of spinal shock or follow-up variety of cardiac arrhythmias . Autonomic dysreflexia appears during the chronic stage, which is a life threatening syndrome of imbalanced reflex sympathetic discharge in patients with SCI above T~_5 segment. Trend The further study of pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiovascular complications after SCI will assist clinical diagnosis and therapy, and promote the relevant fundamental research.

关 键 词：脊髓休克 心律失常 体位性低血压 自主神经反射异常 

分 类 号：R651.2[医药卫生—外科学]