K型温敏雄性不育系KTP116A育性转换规律的研究  

Study of Fertility Changes on K-type Thermo-sensitive Male-sterile Wheat Line KTP116A

作　　者：钱焕焕[1] 张玲丽[1] 胡甘[1] 宋喜悦[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2013年第6期1196-1202,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31271792);陕西省自然基金(2011JM3007)

摘　　要：基于两系杂交小麦系统的K型（Aegilopskotshyi）细胞质小麦温敏雄性不育系，在中国北方小麦正常生长季节表现完全雄性不育，可用于杂交小麦种子生产，在反季节播种表现育性部分恢复，是一类非常有利用价值的小麦温敏雄性不育系。本研究以小麦温敏雄性不育系KTP116A为材料，采用人工气候箱控温和涂抹法压片的方法对其育性转换的关键时期及败育的花粉发育过程进行更为精细的研究。研究发现，KTP116A可育环境下能正常进行减数分裂并发育为成熟花粉粒；不育环境下只有少数能经过第2次有丝分裂产生2个精细胞，大部分为二细胞期花粉粒、异常花粉粒和没有原生质体的空壳花药，不开裂，自然条件下不散粉；KTP116A育性敏感期为2个时期，减数分裂期至单核早期和二细胞晚期至三细胞时期，在自然条件下温度敏感历期为10d左右；从小麦外部发育进程来看，抽穗前的2～8d和扬花前的3～5d为其敏感时期。本研究为进一步研究败育的机理，分析败育的原因和更好地利用温敏不育系奠定基础。K-type （Aegilops kotshyi）thermo-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile wheat based on two-line hybrid is a very useful sterile line,which shows complete male sterility in normal growing season of northern China, and can be used to produce hybrid wheat seed, while fertility restored partly in anti-season seeding. Through the use of more elaborate research methodology ,we made a fine research on the fertility-conversion critical period, abortion of pollen development process of KTP116A by using artificial climate chamber and the smear method. The results showed that KTP116A could carry the normal meiosis and develop into mature pollen grains under fertile environment. While un- der sterile environment,only a few could go through the second mitosis and produce two sperm cells,most of them were binucleate grains, abnormal pollen grains, and shell anthers without protoplast. Two fertility sensitive periods of KTP116A were from meiosis to early microspore and binucleate to trinueleate,from the wheat external development process point of view,2-8 d before heading and the 3-5 d before flowering were its sensitive stage,which lasted a- bout 10 d. These findings would make a foundation for further study of abortion mechanism,aboration reasons analy- zing,and the better use of thermo-sensitive male sterility.

关 键 词：粘果山羊草 雄性不育系 温度敏感性 败育 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]