781例外伤者的流行病学调查及破伤风预防效果分析  

Investigation of epidemiology and analysis of tetanus prevention in 781 cases of surgical trauma

作　　者：唐荔伟[1] 金燕[1] 王菁[1] 章媛英[1] 喻迎九[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌市疾病预防控制中心,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2013年第11期1644-1645,1651,共3页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：目的了解南昌市外伤人群的流行病学特征，探讨应用破伤风人免疫球蛋白（human tetanus lmmllnoglobulin，TIG）的安全性及破伤风预防的效果。方法按病历内容，对2009～2012年来南昌市疾控中心预防门诊注射TIG的781例外伤者进行流行病学调查，采用SPSS软件对调查资料进行统计学分析。结果781例外伤者中男性549例，女性232例（P〈0．0001），以青壮年（19—30岁）居多（P〈0．0001）；职业分布以工人、中小学生和个体工商户居多（P〈0．0001）；致伤原因以建筑铁钉、铁管等铁器致伤为主因，其次为摔伤、铁器致伤和斗殴致伤（P〈0．0001）；致伤部位主要为四肢伤（P〈0．0001）。有98．08%外伤者在24h之内接种TIG，全部外伤者注射TIG后均未出现不良反应或发生破伤风病例。结论外伤者应用TIG预防破伤风，高效安全，特别适用于破伤风抗毒素（tetanus anti-toxin，TAT）过敏者。Objective To understand the epidemiological features of surgical trauma in Nanchang City, Jiangsu Province, China, and investigate the safety and preventive effect of human tetanus immunoglobulin （TIG）. Methods According to medical record, an epidemiological investigation was performed on 781 cases of trauma injected with TIG at the outpatient of Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2009 - 2012, of which the data were analyzed statistically by SPSS software. Results Of the 781 patients, 549 were male and 232 were female （P 〈 0. 000 1 ）, most of whom were at ages of 19 - 30 years （P 〈 0. 000 1 ）. Most of the patients were workers, pupils, middle school students and individual households （P 〈 0. 000 1 ）. Most of the traumas were those caused by ironware in building sites, such as nails and iron pipe, seconded with those caused by fall, other ironware and fighting （P 〈 0. 000 1 ）. The injury parts were mainly limbs （P 〈 0. 000 1 ）. Of the patients, 98. 08% were inoculated with TIG within 24 h, in whom no any adverse reactions or tetanus were observed. Conclusion TIG was highly effective and safe in prevention of tetanus in the patients with surgi-cal trauma, which was esneciallv suitable for those allergic the tetanus antitoxin （TAT）.

关 键 词：外伤 流行病学 破伤风 预防 

分 类 号：R633.1[医药卫生—外科学]