辅助生殖技术中卵母细胞线粒体功能对胚胎发育的影响  

Effects of Oocyte Mitochondria on the Embryo Development in Assisted Reproductive Techniques

作　　者：汤江静[1] 邵敬於[1] 段涛[1] 韩毅冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市第一妇婴保健院,200040

出　　处：《国际生殖健康／计划生育杂志》2013年第6期464-467,共4页Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning

摘　　要：提高辅助生殖技术(ART)成功率和安全性是目前ART面临的重要课题。线粒体是卵母细胞/胚胎中数量最多的细胞器,不仅为卵母细胞的成熟、受精以及随后的胚胎发育过程中的转录与翻译提供能量,还与卵母细胞激活、钙振荡、凋亡程序启动等生命过程密切相关,而且胚胎中的线粒体全部来源于卵母细胞。线粒体功能的损伤也与卵母细胞老化、受精率及胚胎质量降低等密切相关。近年关于人和动物卵母细胞线粒体与ART的研究阐述了线粒体在卵母细胞成熟、受精以及胚胎发育过程中的作用、各种ART手段对卵母细胞线粒体功能的影响以及可能的线粒体保护手段。It is important issue for assisted reproductive techniques（ART） to improve the pregnancy rate and security. As the most abundant organelles in oocytes,mitochondria not only take part in the energy supply for oocyte maturation, fertilization,transcription and translation during embryonic development,but also play roles in some key procedures such as the oocyte activation,calcium oscillation,and apoptosis. More importantly,all mitochondria in embryo were originated from oocyte,not the sperm. It has been demonstrated that mitochondria dysfunction is closely related to oocyte aging,low fertilization rate,poor embryo quality,and developmental arrest of embryo,etc. In this paper,the roles of mitochondrial function in oocyte maturation,fertilization and embryo development, as well as how to protect oocyte mitochondria and how to improve the function of oocyte mitochondria during ART, were reviewed.

关 键 词：生殖技术 辅助 卵子 卵母细胞 线粒体 

分 类 号：R714.8[医药卫生—妇产科学]