不参赌是规避风险还是规避后悔？  

Why Stay Away from Gambling:Risk Aversion or Regret Aversion?

作　　者：黄贵海[1] 周坤[2,3] 孙悦[4] 饶俪琳[2] 唐辉[2,5] 李纾[2,6] 梁竹苑[2] 

机构地区：[1]澳门理工学院博彩教学暨研究中心,中国澳门 [2]中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300 [4]渤海大学管理学院,锦州121013 [5]天津职业技术师范大学职业教育学院,天津300222 [6]暨南大学管理学院,广州510632

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第6期1447-1450,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-EW-J-8);国家自然科学基金项目(71071150,31170976);澳门理工学院“赌客行为与负责任博彩研究”项目的资助

摘　　要：是风险规避还是后悔规避左右人们的冒险行为?长期以来研究者对此各持己见。本研究假设:并非所有风险对人生而相同,决策者是规避风险或规避后悔具有领域特异性。研究调查了赌城澳门有涉赌经验居民参与多种博彩的次数,发现个体的参赌原因具有领域特异性。这说明风险规避说或后悔规避说都不能单独解释人们的风险决策倾向,个体是风险规避或后悔规避,抑或两者都有,取决于其所处的风险情境。研究有助于加深对风险行为特征的认识,可为预防及应对问题赌博提供有益启发和指导。What makes people shy away from risk ： risk aversion or regret aversion？ Several studies have revealed that people prefer risk - minimizing options based on their risk perception. In contrast, regret theory suggests that people prefer regret - minimizing options based on their regret emotion. However, current empirical evidence remains mixed. Based on this perspective, we propose that the rea- sons of people＇ s risk behavior are also domain - specific ： whether decision makers are risk aversion or regret aversion depends on the specific risk domains. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the gambling behaviors of 370 local adult residents who had gambling - experience in Macao, the largest casino city in the world. We developed a questionnaire assessing their gambling behaviors, risk per- eeptions and anticipated regret on thirteen types of popular gambling in Macao. Our results showed that the predicting effects of risk per- ception and anticipated regret on gambling behavior were domain - specific, and this effect was moderated by gambling types. Partici- pants have not shown themselves to be consistently risk averse or regret averse across different gambling types. In the first category do- main which included Baccarat and Greyhound Racing, both risk aversion and regret aversion worked together to lower participants＇ gam- bling frequency. In the second domain of Roulette and Stud Poker, it was risk aversion that was predictive to participants＇ unwillingness to bet. In the third domain which included Mahjong and Paikao, it was regret aversion that was responsible for the lower gambling fre- quency. In the fourth domain of Fantan, Cussec, Horse Racing, Chinese Lottery, Football Lottery, Blackjack, Slot Machines, neither risk aversion nor regret aversion was responsible for participants＇ unwillingness to bet. Our findings indicated that neither risk aversion, nor regret aversion can uniquely explain an individual＇ s risk - taking behavior consistently. Instead, which factor plays a greater role

关 键 词：风险规避 后悔规避 博彩行为 博彩类别 领域特异性 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]