32个切花菊品种的耐低磷特性  

Preliminary evaluation on tolerance to phosphorous deficiency of 32 cultivars of cut chrysanthemum

作　　者：刘鹏[1] 陈素梅[1] 房伟民[1] 蒋甲福[1] 管志勇[1] 陈发棣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第21期6863-6868,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划资助项目(BE2011325);国家农业科技成果转化资助项目(2010GB2360063);863计划资助项目(2011AA100208);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(NCET-10-0492);江苏省高校科研成果产业化推进资助项目(JHB2011-8);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31272202)

摘　　要：利用砂培试验对32个切花菊品种进行了苗期耐低磷筛选和鉴定。结果表明,供试切花菊品种耐低磷能力存在明显的基因型差异,表现在幼苗相对干重(低磷胁迫/正常供磷)、相对磷含量和相对磷积累量存在较大的基因型间变异(CV分别为12.14%、20.99%和26.41%),相对干重、相对磷含量和相对磷积累量之间均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。通过聚类分析可将32份供试品种的耐低磷胁迫能力分为极强、强、中等、弱、极弱5个级别,南农银山对低磷的忍耐能力最强,属耐低磷能力极强的品种;南农红枫、南农香槟和优香对低磷胁迫的忍耐能力最差,属耐低磷能力极弱的品种。相对干重、相对磷含量和相对磷积累量可作为切花菊耐低磷特性的筛选指标,为切花菊育种、栽培管理、磷营养学研究提供参考。Cut chrysanthemum（Chrysanthemum×moriflorum Ramat.） is one of the most important ornamental plants in cut flower market all over the world. Phosphorus is a principal limited factor for plant growth, more than 90% of the added fertilizer phosphorus may rapidly be transformed to phosphorus forms that are not easily available to plants. Due to low natural phosphorus and high fixation capacity, a heavy dose of phosphorus is needed to achieve high production. Developing cultivars with tolerance to phosphorus deficiency may represent a more sustainable solution than sole reliance on fertilizer application. The possibility of exploiting genotypic differences in absorption and utilization of phosphorus to improve efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer use or to obtain higher productivity on phosphorus deficient soils has received considerable attention in recent years. In this study, to assess genotypic variation of cut chrysanthemum for tolerance to phosphorus deficiency, 32 cultivars of cut chrysanthemum were screened and evaluated for tolerance to low phosphorus using sand culture at seedling stage with two treatments of low phosphorus（15 μmol/L） and normal phosphorus（300 μmol/L） in the Chrysanthemum Germplasm Resource Preserving Centre, Nanjing Agricultural University, China. The results showed that there existed evident genotype differences in different cultivars of cut chrysanthemum in tolerant ability to low phosphorus stress. Among all the characters studied, relative plant dry weight （low phosphorus supply/normal phosphorus supply）, relative phosphorus content and relative phosphorus accumulation demonstrated significant genotypic variation （the CV was 12.14%, 20.99% and 26.41%, respectively）. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations between relative plant dry weight and relative phosphorus content, between relative plant dry weight and relative phosphorus accumulation, and between relative phosphorus content and relative phosphorus accumulation �

关 键 词：切花菊 基因型差异 低磷胁迫 筛选指标 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]