白洋淀生态系统健康评价  

Ecosystem health assessment in Baiyangdian Lake

作　　者：徐菲[1] 赵彦伟[1] 杨志峰[1] 陈彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第21期6904-6912,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金资助项目(51121003);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279009);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项资助项目(2008ZX07209-009)

摘　　要：涵盖热力学指标的指标体系可全面表征湖泊生态系统在受扰条件下的健康状态。在实地监测的基础上,应用浮游植物生物量(BA)、浮游动物生物量/浮游植物生物量(BZ/BA)浮游植物群落初级生产量(P)、能质(Ex)、结构能质(Ex st)和浮游植物对TP的缓冲能力(βp)表征白洋淀的健康状态,并通过集成健康综合指数,确定了白洋淀14个水域的健康等级。结果表明,白洋淀大部分水域健康受损较为严重。枣林庄和采蒲台水域处于亚健康状态,烧车淀、光淀张庄和东田庄水域处于不健康状态,其余9个水域均处于病态。结合各水域人类干扰活动的分布可知,白洋淀健康退化的程度与人类干扰强度密切相关。府河和淀内居民生活及水产养殖污水排放是造成白洋淀健康受损的主要原因。该结果可为白洋淀生态系统的管理和修复提供一定的科学依据。Index system covering thermodynamic indicators specialized by eco-exergy and structural eco-exergy could comprehensively characterize the ecological health condition of lake ecosystems under human disturbances. This system has been widely used for assessing lake ecosystem health in recent decades. For comparing ecological health of one lake across time scale or that of different lakes, integration of comprehensive health index is needed to identify the degree of lake health and to better reflect the discrepancies of the ecological health conditions. In this paper, an integrated index system including indicators of phytoplankton biomass （BA）, ratio of zooplankton to phytoplankton biomass （BZ/BA）, phytoplankton primary production （P）, eco-exergy （Ex）, structural eco-exergy （Exst） and ecological buffer capacity to total phosphorus for phytoplankton （βp） collected from field survey was structured to assess the ecological health condition of Baiyangdian Lake which is located in North China. Health classes of fourteen water areas in Baiyangdian Lake were identified using comprehensive health index, which was computed through the sum of normalized indices multiplied by the weights. The results indicate that the ecological health of most water areas in Baiyangdian Lake is deteriorated severely. The water areas of Zaolinzhuang and Caiputai are sub-healthy, those of Shaochedian, GuangdianZhangzhuang and Dongtianzhuang are less healthy, and those of the remaining nine are unhealthy. The spatial variations of ecological health condition of the all water areas across Baiyangdian Lake are notable. The water areas in the northeast and southeast are under relatively better ecological health conditions. The ecological health conditions in the northern, central and southern water areas are deteriorated to some extent while those in the western water area, which is close to Fu River, the ecological health conditions are seriously degraded. The ecological health conditions from good to bad in spatial scale a

关 键 词：生态系统健康 健康评价 白洋淀 能质 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]