海水本底油指纹参数特征识别与油污染效应  

Background oil fingerprint parameters characteristics identification and oil pollution effects of seawater

作　　者：梁婷[1] 马启敏[1] 徐绍箐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2013年第3期390-393,403,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：海洋溢油污染风险评估及应急响应关键技术集成及应用示范(201205012)

摘　　要：以青岛石老人海水浴场海水为对象,通过GC-MS分析方法和加油模拟实验,研究了海水本底油指纹特征参数变化和加油效应,分析比对了特征参数比值的适用情况和合理选择。结果表明:青岛石老人海水浴场正构烷烃含量范围为0.01～0.26μg/L,多环芳烃含量范围为1.71～96.7 ng/L,烷基化多环芳烃C1-N,C2-N,C3-N,C1-P的相对含量分别为52%,27%,15%和6%;海水本底特征参数比值的性质、本底与油品中特征参数比值的差距、海水中溶解油量的不同,都会降低特征比值的准确度和精密度,甚至产生误差,造成误判。溢油鉴定过程中选择本底中不存在的特征参数,或者油源中不存在的特征参数来缩小油源范围,提高准确度。Based on GC-MS analysis methods and refueling simulating experiment,the backgroud oil fingerprint Diagnostic ratio changes and refueling effect of the seawater in Shilaoren Beach in Qingdao were studied.Meanwhile,the application and reasonable choice of Diagnostic ratios were analyzed.The results showed that in the seawater of Shilaoren,the concentration of n-Alkanes ranged from 1.08 to 2.21 μg/L,16 PAHs varied from 184.48 to 328.59 ng/L,the relative content of alkyl PAHs C1-N,C2-N,C3-N,C1-P were 52%,27%,15% and 6%.The nature of Diagnostic ratios,the Diagnostic ratios gap between background and oil,and the capacity of oil dissolved in seawater,reduced the accuracy and precision of the Diagnostic ratios,and even produced error,resulting in miscarriage of justice.To improve the accuracy in the process of oil spill identification,it worked better choosing diagnostic ratios which did not exist in the background,or did not exist in the oil source to narrow the scope of the oil source.

关 键 词：特征比值 本底 油指纹 正构烷烃 多环芳烃 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]