大气颗粒物来源解析中机动车尾气成分谱研究进展  

Progress on the Composition Profiles for Particulate Matter from Vehicle Emission in Source Apportionment

作　　者：孔少飞[1] 白志鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,江苏南京210044 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第10期26-33,72,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB503801)

摘　　要：大气颗粒物仍将是未来一段时期内我国大气污染防治的重点。机动车尾气是大气颗粒物尤其是细颗粒物的主要来源之一。目前国内对机动车排放颗粒物的监测和表征研究还比较薄弱,对机动车排放颗粒物的监测方法主要为直接采样和源主导采样(隧道、停车场、路边等)2种方法,而受到普遍认可的稀释采样方法还不成熟,缺乏必要的设备和性能评价指标。文章在分析机动车尾气对大气PM10和PM2.5贡献的基础上,总结了国内外机动车排放颗粒物成分谱的建立方法,分析了现有成分谱建立方法的不足之处;对现有成分谱的化学组成进行了探讨。指出当前亟需建立基于稀释采样的机动车尾气监测方法和样品标准分析方法,更新现有的机动车排放颗粒物成分谱数据库。As one of the main sources of atmospheric particulate matter, the measurement and study of vehicle emission are still weak in China. The widely used sampling methods for vehicle emission are direct sampling and source dominated sam- piing while the dilution sampling method which is recognized as the most representative is still not established due to limited essential instruments and performance assessment index for vehicle emission. Based on analysis of the contributions of partic- ulate matter from vehicle emission to atmospheric PM^0 and PMzs, the establishing methods for chemical profiles of vehicle e- mission were reviewed, as well as their deficiency and chemical compositions of current profiles. It was proposed that chemi- cal profiles for particular matter from vehicle emission need updating based on dilution sampling and standard chemical anal- ysis methods.

关 键 词：机动车尾气 颗粒物 成分谱 化学组成 稀释采样 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]