餐厨垃圾前处理对有机酸释放及厌氧消化影响  

Effects of Pretreatment on the Releases of Organic Acids from Kitchen Waste and the Performances of Anaerobic Digestion

作　　者：万顺刚[1] 孙蕾[1,2] 张艺琼[3] 向炯华 丁涛 罗文邃[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,福建厦门361021 [2]广西大学环境学院,广西南宁530004 [3]集美大学,福建厦门361021 [4]厦门绿标生物科技有限公司,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第10期95-100,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划重点项目(2012Y0067);福建省自然科学基金(2012J01057);宁波市科技计划项目(2013A610186);厦门市对台科技专项(3502Z20111049)

摘　　要：文章揭示预处理方式对餐厨垃圾有机物的释放特征及对厌氧消化效果的影响,利用好氧和接种2种方式对餐厨和茅草混合垃圾进行预处理,并在中温条件下进行厌氧发酵。实验结果表明:曝气量和接种对预处理过程中小分子有机物的释放具有明显的影响。在所有的处理组中,挥发性有机酸在曝气处理的第3天或者第4天达到最大值。在曝气量分别为0.2、0.4和0.8 L/min时,COD平均累积量相对于初始浓度分别增加了1.9、2.0和2.9倍。以预处理产物为底物展开的厌氧发酵研究结果表明,在相同的条件下,非接种曝气处理厌氧消化产生的生物气多于接种处理,说明接种处理过度消耗消化底物,影响生物气的产生。研究同时发现曝气预处理可以避免餐厨垃圾常有的氨抑制和pH抑制情况。The effects of pretreatment of kitchen wastes with aeration and inoculums were investigated in batch incubation experiments to study the releases of dissolvable low molecular weight organic compounds and the biogas production. Results showed the pretreatment with aeration enhanced the release of dissolved organic compounds. Compared with the initial con- centration of COD, COD concentration increased by 1.9 fold, 2.0 fold and 2.9 fold at aeration rate 0.2, 0.4 and 0.SL/min for pretreatment with aeration without inoculums respectively. With aeration, the volatile fatty acids obtained the maximum con- centration on the 3rd or 4th day respectively. At the same time, the results of anaerobic digestion with pretreated kitchen wastes also demonstrated that the treatments without inoculums had produced more biogas than those with inoculums, suggest- ing that over consumption of degradable organic substrate due to inoculation could limit the biogas production. With aeration pretreatment, no inhibition effect of ammonium and pH on anaerobic digestion was observed.

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 前处理 曝气 厌氧消化 挥发性有机酸 生物气 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]