2010年山东省饮水型地方性氟中毒监测报告  

Surveillance of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province in 2010

作　　者：云中杰[1] 陈培忠[1] 边建朝[1] 高杰[1] 王玉涛[1] 尹玉岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省地方病防治研究所氟中毒与大骨节病防治研究科,济南250014

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2013年第6期668-672,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2010）志谢有关市、县（市、区）的地方病防治人员参与了此项T作,谨致感谢

摘　　要：目的了解山东省地方性氟中毒的病情现状，为制定防制策略提供科学依据。方法按照国家《饮水型地方性氟中毒监测方案（试行）》和《山东省饮水型地方性氟中毒监测方案（试行）》的要求，在全省选择lO个县．每个县抽取lO个改水工程，调查改水工程运行效果，监测改水工程水氟含量；每个县选择3个病区村作为固定监测村，测定饮用水含氟量，检查全部8～12岁儿童氟斑牙。水氟含量测定采用氟离子选择电极法，8，12岁儿童氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法。结果①全省共有改水降氟工程3570个，改水率为87．49％（10122／11569），正常运转的工程占89．10％（3181／3570），水氟合格率为73．14％（2611／3570），水氟最大值为9．71mg／L。②在10个县中，共监测改水工程86个，正常运转、间歇运转和报废工程分别占95．35％（82／86）、3．49％（3／86）和1．16％（1／86），水氟含量合格率为50．00％（43／86），水氟最大值为5．32mg／L。⑧在开展监测的27个已改水村中，水氟合格率为74．07％（20／27），水氟最大值为4．50mg／L；在开展监测的3个未改水村中，水氟≤1．20mg／L和〉1．20mg／L的村分别占33．33％（1／3）和66．67％（2／3），水氟最大值为1．53mg／L。④在监测的27个已改水村中，儿童氟斑牙检出率为57．65％（791／1372），缺损型氟斑牙检出率为7．80％（107／1372），氟斑牙指数为1．15；在监测的3个未改水村中，儿童氟斑牙检出率为50．97％（80／155），缺损型氟斑牙检出率为7．10％（11／155）．氟斑牙指数为1．16。结论山东省改水降氟工程的运行情况还需改善，改水工程的水氟超标严重，地方件氟中毒病情尚未得到有效控制．需进一步加大防控力度。Objective To understand the current situation of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province, and to provide a scientific basis for development of control strategies. Methods In accordance with the requirements of the national ＂Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Borne Endemic Fluorosis （Trial）＂ and ＂Shandong Provincial Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Borne Endemic Fluorosis （Trial）＂, and to understand the progress of the province＇s water-improvement projects, 10 counties were chosen in the province, and 10 water-improvement projects were selected in each county. Running condition of the water-improvement projects was investigated, and water fluoride content was tested. Three epidemic villages were chosen as fixed monitoring villages in each county. In each village, fluoride content in drinking water was determined, and dental fluorosis of all children aged 8 to 12 was diagnosed. Water fluoride content was determined by fluoride ion selective electrode method, and dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was diagnosed by Dean method. Results ① There were 3570 water de fluoridation projects in the province, and water-improvement rate was 87.49%（10 122/11 569）. Normal operating projects accounted for 89.10% （3181/3570）, and the passing rate of water fluoride content was 73.14% （2611/3570）, with the maximum water fluoride as 9.71 mg/L. ② In the 10 counties, a total of 86 water- improvement projects were monitored. Normal operation, intermittent operation and scrapped projects accounted for 95.35% （82/86）, 3.49% （3/86） and 1.16% （1/86）, respectively, and passing rate of fluoride content in water was 50.00% （43/86）, and the maximum water fluoride was 5.32 mg/L. ③ In the 27 monitored villages with improved water quality, the passing rate of fluoride content in water was 74.07% （20/27）, and the maximum water fluoride was 4.50 mg/L. In the 3 monitored villages without improved water quality, villages of mean water fluoride ≤ 1.20 mg/L and 〉 1.20 mg/L accoun

关 键 词：地方病 氟中毒 牙 改水 环境监测 数据收集 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]