个人自由还是社群自由——兼论马克思的自由观  

Individual freedom or community freedom—also view on Marx's freedom?

作　　者：刘化军[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学社会发展学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第3期15-19,共5页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：自由主义从个人主义立场出发认为个人自由与权利至上、神圣不可侵犯,个人自由高于社会(社群)自由,且强调消极自由;社群主义基于一种抽象的整体主义指出,个体的自由建立在社群自由之上,个人的权利内在于公共善,针对自由主义的消极自由观,他们主张积极自由;在马克思看来,自由的真正内涵和本质是人的自由而全面的发展,它是建立在物质生活基础之上的,只有到共产主义社会才能得到实现。Liberalism starts from individualism and considers that individual freedom and rights are supremacy and sacrosanct, and individual freedom surpasses social （community） freedom, they also emphasize negative freedom. Basing on a abstract holism, communitarianism points out that individual freedom is higher than community freedom, and individual rights lies within the common good. Contrary to liberalism＇s negative freedom, they advocate positive freedom. In Marx＇s view, the true connotation of the freedom is free and all-round development of human-being; freedom is founded on the material life, and freedom can not be realized until the communist society comes true.

关 键 词：自由主义 社群主义 马克思主义 自由 

分 类 号：B025.9[哲学宗教—哲学理论]