产业组织演进与农业清洁生产  

Industrial Organization Evolution and Agricultural Cleaner Production

作　　者：周力[1] 曹晓蕾[1,2] 应瑞瑶[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省社会科学院世界经济研究所,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2013年第11期164-170,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"基于纵向协作关系的农户清洁生产行为研究"(编号:71203094);国家社会科学基金重大项目"环境保护;食品安全与农业生产服务体系研究"(编号:11&ZD155);国家社会科学基金重大项目"建设以低碳排放为特征的农业产业体系及农产品消费模式研究"(编号:10ZD&031);中央高校基本科研业务费自主创新项目"畜禽养殖半点源污染防治管理体系研究"(编号:KYZ201163);教育部人文社会科学基金项目"畜禽养殖业温室气体减排的生态补偿机制研究"(编号:10YJC790407);教育部博士点基金"畜禽低碳养殖的生态补偿机制研究"(编号:20100097120009)

摘　　要：本文将种植业污染和养殖业污染同时纳入分析框架,基于1951-2010年中国省际面板数据,实证分析了建国60多年来中国农业产业组织演进对农业环境质量的影响及其机制。实证研究表明:与家庭联产承包责任制时期相比,改革开放之前的早期农业组织生产能力低下、纵向整合能力差,是环保却低效的农业产业组织;相对而言,1994年以来演进的农业产业组织具备较强的纵向整合能力,有效地促进了农业清洁生产,但是,以农民专业生产合作社为代表的新型农业产业组织的横向整合效应却更加明显,这往往引致了对环境消极影响的总效应。本文认为,在保障纵向协作积极环境效应的同时,引导农业产业组织进一步提升优化资源配置的积极"技术效应",控制低效扩张的消极"规模效应",扭转种养分离的消极"结构效应",是促动中国农业产业组织与农业清洁生产构成良性循环的关键所在。Based on the provincial panel data from 1951 to 2010,this paper putting both planting pollution and livestock waste pollution into the analysis framework,demonstrates the effects and mechanism of China＇ s agricultural organization evolution on the environment.The study shows：compared with the household management stage,the early agricultural organization before the reform and opening up,which is lack of production capacity and vertical integration ability,is green but inefficiency; the agricultural organization after 1994 has strong ability in both agricultural cleaner production and vertical integration,while the new agricultural organization,represented by the farmers＇ specialized cooperative organization,has obviously lateral integration ability and causes negative environmental effects as a whole.This paper suggests that the key points of forming a virtuous cycle of agricultural organization and cleaner production lie in ensuring the positive effects of the vertical integration and at the same time guiding the agricultural organization to promote the positive ‘ technological effect＇ by optimizing the allocation of resource,control the negative ‘ scale effect＇ causing by inefficient expansion,and Convert the negative ‘ structural effect＇ causing by planting and breeding separation.

关 键 词：产业组织 清洁生产 纵向协作 农民专业合作组织 面源污染 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]