北方旱作农田保护性耕作对土壤线虫物种组成和营养类群的影响  

Impacts of the conservation tillage on soil nematode genera composition and trophic groups in upland farming systems, north China

作　　者：李慧[1] 唐政[2] 李继光[3] 王秋彬[4] 钱小平[5] 三岛慎一郎 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [2]贺州学院化学与生物工程学院,广西贺州542899 [3]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江157012 [4]吉林省土壤肥料总站,吉林长春130012 [5]日本国际农林水产业研究中心 [6]日本农业环境技术研究所

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第6期1428-1433,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑(2012BAD05B0207);省院合作项目(KSZD-EW-Z-002-01);中日合作项目:中国循环型生产;中国北方旱作地区循环农业生产系统的设计及评价项目资助

摘　　要：以辽宁彰武县保护性耕作示范推广基地土壤为研究对象,对比研究了传统犁耕和保护性耕作(6年免耕秸秆覆盖)条件下土壤线虫的总数、物种组成和营养类群的差异及其与土壤理化指标的关系,结果表明:各处理共观测到土壤线虫34个属,其中拟丽突属(Acrobeloides)、板唇属(Chiloplacus)、螺旋属(Helicotylenchus)、矮小属(Merlinius)和短体属(Pratylenchus)为优势属。较犁耕相比,保护性耕作显著提高了土壤线虫总数和各营养类群线虫多度、改变了线虫优势属和营养类群的结构。相关分析表明,保护性耕作条件下土壤线虫的总数、各优势属和营养类群与土壤养分含量、pH和孔隙度等理化性质之间关系密切。研究证明土壤线虫群落的物种和营养结构对保护性耕作土壤质量变化具有良好的生物指示作用。Soil nematode genera composition and trophic groups were compared between traditional plow and conservation tillage （6-yr combination of no-tillage Liaoning Province, in order to provide scientific basis for tillage （PT） and straw mulch） in a case study in Zhangwu county of assessing soil ecological effects of the conservation tillage. During the study period, 34 genera were identified, in which Acrobeloides, Chiloplacus, Helicotylenchus, Merlinius and Pratylenchus were dominant genera. The results showed that the conservation tillage significantly increased total soil nematode number and all trophie group abundances, and altered structure of dominant nematode genera and trophic groups compared to the plow tillage. Correlation analysis indicated that total number, dominant genera and trophic structure of soil nematode were closely related to soil physico-chemical properties such as nutrient contents, pH and porosity. Our res assessing the conservation uhs suggested that soil nematode community structure can be effective bio-indicators for tillage effects on soil quality.

关 键 词：免耕 秸秆覆盖 土壤线虫 群落结构 营养类群 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]