从实验室研究透视SSK与科学哲学的差异  

Research on the Differences Between SSK and Philosophy of Science from the Laboratory- study

作　　者：阎莉[1] 康中和[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学思政部,南京210095 [2]南京农业大学学工处,南京210095

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2013年第6期105-108,共4页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：中国博士后基金面上资助(20070421001);江苏省博士后科研资助计划资助(0702027C)

摘　　要："实验室研究"是科学知识社会学兴起的研究热点。在这之前,科学哲学从其方法论规则出发,将研究视角锁定于实验,而非实验室。实验室只是自然呈现的场所,为实验提供恰当的场地。作为赋予科学一种完全不同的解释,科学知识社会学将最初的研究视角转向了对科学实验室的探求。他们认为实验室的意义已经不是自然呈现的场所,乃是人们理解科学的一个理论概念,实验室自身已经演变为科学发展的一种重要力量,成为能够解释科学成功机制与过程的场所。于是在科学知识社会学与科学哲学之间就实验室的问题展开了争论,表现为:实验室是被强化的场所,还是自然呈现的场地;实验室是知识生产的领域,还是科学研究的制度环境;实验室是制造了事实,还是发现了事实。由此,二者的差异也得到充分体现。Laboratory - study is a focal issue in sociology of scientific knowledge. Before it, traditional philosophy of science fcuses on expeximents rather than laboratories. The laboratory is only the site where nature presents itself through experiment. As a completely different explanation of science, SSK concerns laboratory - study. They think the lab does not only mean the site of nature presence, but a theoretical concept through which people understand science. Laboratory itself has become an important power and a site that can be used to explain the scientific suc- cess. So there are debates about the question of laboratory between SSK and traditional philosophy of science： Whether the laboratory is the reinforced field or the site where nature presents itself; whether the laboratory is the production field of knowledge or institutional environment of scientific research;whether the laboratory is to make facts or discover facts. Hence, the differences between them are also fully demonstrated.

关 键 词：实验室研究 科学知识社会学 科学哲学 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]